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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;St Gertrude&amp;rsquo;s College, New Norcia. St Gertrude&amp;rsquo;s  opened in 1908 and originally functioned as a convent boarding school  for girls. It was staffed by Josephite sisters, the first of whom were  sent to New Norcia by Mary Mackillop at the request of Bishop Fulgentius  Torres. The school closed in 1991 and is now used primarily as a venue  for school camps.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;St  Ildephonsus College, New Norcia. St Ildephonsus opened in 1913 as a  boarding school for boys. It was staffed by Marist Brothers until 1965,  when the Benedictines took over. The school closed in 1991 and is now  used primarily as a venue for school camps. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The front fa&amp;ccedil;ade of the Abbey Church, New Norcia.  The original church building was constructed from stones and plaster. In  1908, New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s second Abbot, Bishop Fulgentius Torres, added this  Italian Renaissance style fa&amp;ccedil;ade and a bell tower.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>New Norcia Abbey Ale</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Released in 2007, New Norcia Abbey Ale was  developed and produced by Chuck Hahn (of the Malt Shovel Brewery) in  collaboration with the Benedictine monks at New Norcia. Unlike Trappist  beers which are brewed within abbey walls under the control of monks,  Abbey Ales are brewed commercially by companies who licence an abbey&amp;rsquo;s  name. Interested in the historical association of monks and brewing,  which dates from the medieval period, Hahn negotiated with the monks at  New Norcia to produce an Abbey Ale for them. A sample brew of the  Belgian golden style ale was delivered to New Norcia for tasting in 2006  and, according to the story provided by promotional literature and on  New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s website, &amp;ldquo;following the ancient Benedictine protocol, the  monks voted to approve the use of their name on the Ale&amp;rdquo;. This ancient  protocol possibly refers to Chapter III of the Rule of St Benedict,  which mandates that &amp;ldquo;as often as any important business has to be done  in the monastery, let the Abbot call together the whole community and  himself set forth the matter&amp;rdquo;. See &lt;em&gt;The Rule of Saint Benedict in Latin and English, &lt;/em&gt;edited and translated by Abbot Justin McCann, Monk of Ampleforth, 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; Edition, The Newman Press, Westminster, 1963.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;This altarpiece from the New Chapel at New Norcia  contains the figures of St Benedict and his sister St Scholastica. The  Benedictine community at New Norcia follow the Rule of St Benedict, a  book of precepts or guidelines for monastic living created by St  Benedict of Nursia in the sixth century. St Benedict established a  famous Benedictine monastery at Monte Cassino, while St Scholastica was  the Abbess of a nunnery in nearby Plombariola.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;This coat of arms is displayed above the gates of  the New Norcia monastery. The pontifical hat at the top, called a  galero, has been a common motif in ecclesiastical heraldry since the  fifteenth century. As a vestment, the galero dates to c.1245, when red  hats were bestowed upon cardinals by Innocent IV. In heraldry it is used  to symbolise church hierarchy; different colours and numbers of tassels  denote different offices. The 6 tassels on either side of the shield in  the New Norcia coat of arms signify that the monastery is overseen by a  bishop. The mitre hat below the galero is the insignia of bishops and  abbots. In this case, it most likely refers to the fact that the  monastery is presided over by an abbot. Behind the shield, a cross and  crosier in saltire are also common external ornaments on ecclesiastical  coats of arms. On the shield itself, symbols identify the building as a  religious house (the all-seeing eye with a cross and the word &amp;ldquo;fides&amp;rdquo;)  and a male Benedictine community (the patriarchal cross bearing the  Benedictine motto &amp;ldquo;pax&amp;rdquo;). The swan is emblematic of its location in  Western Australia. For more on ecclesiastical heraldry, see Bruno  Bernard Heim, &lt;em&gt;Heraldry in the Catholic Church: Its Origins, Customs and Laws, &lt;/em&gt;(Van Duren, Buckinghamshire, 1978).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>The Great Gate (north side) and â€˜The Five Lamps of Learningâ€™, The University of Western Australia, Crawley Campus. </text>
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                <text>Administration Building, architecture, arch, archway, Crawley, â€œGreat Gateâ€, Italian influence, limestone, Mervyn Napier Waller, mosaic, Rodney Alsop, Senate Chamber, Sir John Winthrop Hackett, stone, The University of Western Australia, virtues, Western Australia, Winthrop Hall, Oxford University, Cambridge University, gateway, Tudor, Tudor architecture, university building, university buildings, university college, university colleges, college</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"&gt;A view of the northern side of The Great Gate joining Winthrop Hall to the old Administration building at the University of Western Australia&amp;rsquo;s Crawley campus. The flanking towers of the Gate are square at the base and octagonal at the top, which was supposed to liken it to the Tudor gateways of Oxford and Cambridge colleges (Rodney Alsop, "The Architecture of the Hackett Buildings", in &lt;em&gt;Opening of Winthrop Hall: Commemorative Volume and Official Programme, 1932&lt;/em&gt;). It was designed and constructed in conjunction with Winthrop Hall, Hackett Hall and the Administration Building from a bequest by the University&amp;rsquo;s first Chancellor, Sir John Winthrop Hackett (1848-1916). The buildings were officially opened on 13 April 1932. The University also commissioned artist Mervyn Napier Waller to design and produce the mosaic positioned above the window to the Senate chamber on the northern side of the Great Gate in 1931. The mosaic, known as the &amp;lsquo;Five Lamps of Learning&amp;rsquo;, features five figures who each represent one of the virtues of wisdom, understanding, counsel, courage and knowledge (For more information on the &amp;lsquo;Five Lamps of Learning&amp;rsquo; mosaic, see the UWA Archives website: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://archives.uwa.edu.au/page/84543" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"&gt;http://archives.uwa.edu.au/page/84543&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"&gt;, accessed 1/2/2011). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>McEwan, Joanne</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>architecture, architect, Assisi, thirteenth century, Rodney Alsop, Basilica of San Francesco, Crawley, dais, great hall, Italian influence, organ, Romanesque style, rose window, Sir John Winthrop Hackett (1848-1916), The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, UWA, WA, window, window tracery, Winthrop Hall</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;A view of the large rose window on the eastern wall of Winthrop Hall at The University of Western Australia. Inside the hall, the rose window is a focal point above the dais. Rose windows were popular decorative features of Romanesque and especially Gothic architecture in England and Europe by the thirteenth century.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About Winthrop Hall:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
Winthrop Hall was designed by Melbourne architect Rodney Alsop. It was built in a Romanesque style, typified by its rounded arches, columns, arcading, sturdy walls (they are 9ft thick) and large square tower. The architect described the style as &lt;span lang="EN"&gt;being of Italian ancestry, but notably &amp;ldquo;anglicised and adapted to the local conditions&amp;rdquo; (See &lt;em&gt;Western Mail&lt;/em&gt;, 21 April 1932, pp.14: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38891565" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38891565&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;). &lt;/span&gt;Winthrop Hall, Hackett Hall to its east, and the Great Gate and the Arts and Administration Building to its west were designed and built together as a group of University Buildings. They were funded by a bequest from The University of Western Australia&amp;rsquo;s first Chancellor, Sir John Winthrop Hackett (1848-1916), and were officially opened at a ceremony on 13 April 1932. Based on photographs taken by Rodney Alsop, Winthrop Hall&amp;rsquo;s architect, in Italy in 1925, the design for the rose window is likely to be based on one at the Basilica of San Francesco in Assisi. (See R. J. Ferguson, &lt;em&gt;Crawley Campus: The Planning and Architecture of the University of Western Australia, &lt;/em&gt;University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 1993, p.41).The Basilica of San Francesco was built between 1228 and 1253. For an image of its rose window, visit: &lt;a href="http://www.therosewindow.com/index-rose2.htm" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.therosewindow.com/index-rose2.htm&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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