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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>"This Must Not Happen Here" </text>
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                <text>Armbands, barbaric, barbarism, ghetto, ghettoisation, Judaism, Jew, Jewish, medieval barbarity, medieval horror, Nazi, Nazism, photography, Poland, victimisation, World news World War II, World War Two, WWII </text>
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                <text>This photograph from the Canberra Times depicts a ghetto in Poland during Nazi Rule. A group of Jewish people can be seen wearing armbands. Their treatment is conemned by the reporter as an example of medieval barbarity, with the caption suggesting that "under Nazi rule, the horrors of the Middle Ages have reappeared".</text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia: &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2565562" target="_blank"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2565562&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Canberra Times</text>
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                <text>9 July 1941, p.6</text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
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                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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                <text>Ancient Viking Ships</text>
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                <text>Brisbane, Gokstad, Norway, Norwegian, QLD, Queensland, The Queenslander, reconstruction, ship, ships, shipbuilding, Viking, vikings</text>
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                <text>An article on page 46 of the Brisbane newspaper The Queenslander on May 26, 1932. The public interest piece reports on the decision of the Norwegian government to reconstruct the Viking-Age Gokstad ship from the pieces recovered during excavation. It is suggested that the Gokstad ship would be the worlds oldest seagoing ship. The final paragraph of the article, which begins with â€˜There was a virile romance about the vikings and their shipsâ€™, claims that it was a Viking tradition for captives to be tied down and crushed by the ships when they hit the water when being launched. Not surprisingly, this â€˜factâ€™ is not found in modern scholarly works about the Vikings. </text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
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                <text>The Queenslander</text>
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                <text>26 May 1932</text>
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                <text>No Copyright</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article87688170" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article87688170&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Discovery of Australia: Made in the Fifteenth Century, &lt;em&gt;The Chronicle&lt;/em&gt;, 27 March 1897</text>
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                <text>Aragon, Australian booksellers, Castile, Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), conquest, E. A. Petherick &amp; Co., Edward Augustus Petherick, exploration, Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516), Isabella of Castile (1451-1504), kangaroo, Medieval Spain, New World, paper, Royal Geographical Society.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This short notice in &lt;em&gt;The Chronicle &lt;/em&gt;in 1897 informs readers about a paper in which Edward Augustus Petherick, the head of Australian booksellers E.A. Petherick &amp;amp; Co., would argue that Australia was founded in the medieval period. His evidence, the article advises, was that a kangaroo was presented to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain in 1499. The marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand in 1469 unified the houses of Castile and Aragon under one throne. They led the Christian reconquest of Spain and the overthrow of Muslim Granada in the early 1490s, and were at the forefront of New World Exploration in the late fifteenth century. Isabella and Ferdinand authorised and funded the expeditions of Christopher Columbus between 1492 and 1498.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>TROVE: National Library of Australia, &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article87688170" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article87688170&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Chronicle&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>27 March 1897, p.12</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Copyright Expired</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Gift of &amp;pound;100 for Lepers, &lt;em&gt;The Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt;, 28 September 1937</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26237">
                <text>Barbarity, Coast Lazaret Hospital, criminals, disease, Dr E. H. Molesworth, ill-treatment, imprisonment, individual rights, infection, International Leprosy Association,  Lazarus House, leprosy, Little Bay, medical treatment, medicine, medieval attitudes, New South Wales, NSW, primitive treatment, prisoners, scourge, segregation, skin diseases, susceptibility, Sydney University. </text>
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                <text>This article from the Sydney Morning Herald in 1937 relates the concerns and criticisms of Dr E. H. Molesworth, a lecturer in skin diseases at The University of Sydney, regarding the treatment of leprosy at the Coast Lazaret Hospital in the New South Wales region of Little Bay. Containing lengthy quotes, the article conveys Dr Molesworth&amp;rsquo;s view that Australian attitudes towards leprosy were still medieval, primitive and reactionary, and that as a consequence treatment for the disease was falling well behind the times when compared to European cities. The disease, he suggests, was still being viewed as a horrible scourge (as it had been in the middle ages), and so people suffering from it were regarded as dangerous pariahs who should be segregated from society. The resultant approach regarding treatment for the disease &amp;ndash; to nominate specific areas away from the general populace and to lock sufferers away &amp;ndash; deprived people of their individual rights and was tantamount to treating them like criminals, Dr Molesworth complained. It also made the disease more dangerous, because people who could be treated were concealing their condition on account of the stigma it continued to attract.</text>
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                <text>Anon</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26240">
                <text>TROVE: National Library of Australia, &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17408348" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17408348&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26241">
                <text>The Sydney Morning Herald</text>
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                <text>28 September 1937, p.12</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26243">
                <text>Copyright Expired</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26244">
                <text>Newspaper Article</text>
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        <name>Dr E. H. Molesworth</name>
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        <name>International Leprosy Association</name>
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        <name>medical treatment</name>
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        <name>medicine</name>
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        <name>medieval attitudes</name>
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    <fileContainer>
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        <src>https://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/9de6841e9834d69b1323ed9a291fbbc2.pdf</src>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Medievalism on the Streets</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58381388" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58381388&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;Allan Wilkie: Henry VIII on Stage&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Sunday Times&lt;/em&gt;, 27 April 1930</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26380">
                <text>Allan Wilkie, Allan Wilkie Company, Anne Boleyn (c.1501-1536), Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (c.1473-1530), Catherine of Aragon (1484-1536), Duke of Buckingham, Edward Stafford (1478-1521), Henry VIII (1481-1547), His Majesty's Theatre, Miss Hunter-Watts, Miss Mildred Howard, Mr Alexander Marsh, Mr John Cairns, Mr William Lockhart, papal envoy, play, performance, Perth, Old England, stage, Tudor times, WA, Western Australia.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26381">
                <text>This article published in &lt;em&gt;The Sunday Times&lt;/em&gt; reviews a production of &amp;lsquo;Henry VIII&amp;rsquo; staged at the His Majesty's Theatre in Perth by the Allan Wilkie Company in 1930. Assisted by elaborate scenes and plush costumes it succeeded, according to the article, in bringing to life the Tudor period: an age of &amp;lsquo;a powerful diplomatic Cardinal that rose from the lowliness of being a son of a butcher; who rose to share the prominence of his regal master; of the beautiful and ill-fated loves of Henry, Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn and of the unfortunate Duke of Buckingham&amp;rsquo;. A criticism levelled against the play was that its attempt to include so many different historical events could lead to incoherency, however, the general consensus of the article was that this was countered by its spectacular revival of &amp;lsquo;Old England&amp;rsquo;.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26382">
                <text>Anon</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26383">
                <text>TROVE: National Library of Australia, &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58381388" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58381388&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26384">
                <text>The Sunday Times</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26385">
                <text>27 April 1930, p.8</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26386">
                <text>Copyright Expired</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26387">
                <text>Newspaper Article</text>
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        <name>Allan Wilkie</name>
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        <name>Allan Wilkie Company</name>
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        <name>Anne Boleyn (c.1501-1536)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5443">
        <name>Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (c.1473-1530)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5444">
        <name>Catherine of Aragon (1484-1536)</name>
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        <name>Duke of Buckingham</name>
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      <tag tagId="5446">
        <name>Edward Stafford (1478-1521)</name>
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      <tag tagId="5447">
        <name>Henry VIII (1481-1547)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5457">
        <name>His Majesty's Theatre</name>
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      <tag tagId="5448">
        <name>Miss Hunter-Watts</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5449">
        <name>Miss Mildred Howard</name>
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      <tag tagId="5450">
        <name>Mr Alexander Marsh</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5451">
        <name>Mr John Cairns</name>
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      <tag tagId="5452">
        <name>Mr William Lockhart</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5454">
        <name>Old England</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5453">
        <name>papal envoy</name>
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        <name>performance</name>
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        <name>Perth</name>
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        <name>play</name>
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        <name>stage</name>
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      <tag tagId="5456">
        <name>Tudor times</name>
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      <tag tagId="838">
        <name>WA</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="73">
        <name>Western Australia</name>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="1067" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1108">
        <src>https://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/f8b7ae077071e642d895cd8a443bbc2b.pdf</src>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34458">
                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34459">
                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="11">
      <name>Hyperlink</name>
      <description>Title, URL, Description or annotation.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="26408">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41601916" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41601916&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26399">
                <text>Spirit of Festival: What Lies Behind the Carol, &lt;em&gt;The West Australian&lt;/em&gt;, 24 December 1937</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26400">
                <text>Apprentices, book, carol, celebration, Christian tradition, Christmas, Christmas Carols, dancing, drinking songs, festival, festivity, Greccio, medieval custom, melodies, merriment, Miracle plays, Mystery plays, popular tunes, puritan, religious lyrics, revival, singing, song, St Francis of Assisi, tradition, Wynken de Worde. </text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26401">
                <text>This article from &lt;em&gt;The West Australian&lt;/em&gt; traces the history of Christmas carols back to the medieval period. It dates their origin to the beginning of the thirteenth century, when Francis of Assisi taught children to dance around a model of the manger in the Italian village of Greccio. Subsequently, they were introduced into England through the Mystery and Miracle plays. Although religious in content, the article notes with amusement that the carols were often set to the tune of drinking songs, presumably because they were familiar. Carols and the dances that accompanied them remained popular, the article claims, until Puritan edicts forbade Christmas festivities and all manner of celebration in the seventeenth century. Their survival is credited here to two nineteenth-century English clergymen, who translated a Swedish book of medieval melodies in 1853 and succeeded in reviving interest in carols and old folk songs more generally.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26402">
                <text>Anon</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26403">
                <text>TROVE: The National Library, &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41601916" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41601916&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26404">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;The West Australian&lt;/em&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26405">
                <text>24 December 1937, p.15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26406">
                <text>Copyright Expired</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26407">
                <text>Newspaper Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="5458">
        <name>Apprentices</name>
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      <tag tagId="1839">
        <name>book</name>
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      <tag tagId="5459">
        <name>carol</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="772">
        <name>celebration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5460">
        <name>Christian tradition</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="403">
        <name>Christmas</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5461">
        <name>Christmas Carols</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1657">
        <name>dancing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5462">
        <name>drinking songs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="647">
        <name>festival</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="179">
        <name>festivity</name>
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      <tag tagId="5463">
        <name>Greccio</name>
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      <tag tagId="1416">
        <name>medieval custom</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5464">
        <name>melodies</name>
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      <tag tagId="5465">
        <name>merriment</name>
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      <tag tagId="1781">
        <name>Miracle plays</name>
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      <tag tagId="5466">
        <name>Mystery plays</name>
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      <tag tagId="5467">
        <name>popular tunes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5468">
        <name>puritan</name>
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      <tag tagId="5469">
        <name>religious lyrics</name>
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        <name>revival</name>
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        <name>singing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2341">
        <name>song</name>
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        <name>St Francis of Assisi</name>
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        <name>tradition</name>
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        <name>Wynken de Worde</name>
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  <item itemId="1088" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34460">
                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4073779" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4073779&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;Mr Waller Napier Returns&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Argus&lt;/em&gt;, 10 March 1930.</text>
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                <text>art, electric furnace, medieval craft, Melbourne, Melbourne Town Hall, Mervyn Napier Waller (1893-1972), mosaic, mural paintings, National Gallery, stained glass, VIC, Victoria.</text>
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                <text>This article from &lt;em&gt;The Argus&lt;/em&gt; in 1930 reports on the return to Melbourne of famed Australian mosaic and stained glass artist Mervyn Napier Wallace and his wife. Napier, whose mosaics in the Melbourne Town Hall and the National Gallery were already well known, returned from visiting Europe with the most recent kind of electric furnace for firing and annealing stained glass and an intention to set up a studio in Melbourne. During his tour of Europe the works that attracted him most, the article reports, were those hailing from the medieval period when stained glass was regarded as a craft rather than an art form, namely 4th-13th century France and 12th-13th century Italy.</text>
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                <text>TROVE: National Library of Australia: &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4073779" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4073779&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59602764" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59602764&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Mothers Day, &lt;em&gt;The Register,&lt;/em&gt; 7 May 1915</text>
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                <text>Adelaide, celebration, Church services, custom, duty, gifts, gratitude, family, festival, homage, Lent, May, medieval custom, mother, mothering, motherâ€™s day, observance, tradition, SA, South Australia, Sunday, white flowers, Young Womenâ€™s Christian Association.</text>
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                <text>This article from &lt;em&gt;The Register&lt;/em&gt; in 1915 traces the origins of Mothers&amp;rsquo; Day celebrations to the medieval period, when adolescent children would be afforded a holiday from work on the fourth Sunday in Lent to &amp;lsquo;go a-mothering&amp;rsquo;. On such occasions, the article explains, family members would assemble and pay homage to mothers by presenting gifts, and a general air of festivity ensued with special Church services and prayers containing more than usual reference to family life. While some elements of the festivities were not adopted in Australia, the article continues, the observance of mothers day is regularly marked by the wearing of white flowers, and by annual festivals such as the one conducted at the Young Women&amp;rsquo;s Christian Association headquarters in Adelaide.</text>
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                <text>TROVE: National Library of Australia, &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59602764" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59602764&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Register&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>7 May 1915, p.6</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27073">
                <text>Copyright Expired</text>
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