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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>Holy Trinity Catholic Church is in the small Tasmanian town of Westbury. The building of the bluestone church began in 1869 under the direction of the townâ€™s first resident Catholic priest, Father James Hogan (1825-1899), who had arrived in 1850. Holy Trinity was consecrated in 1874 and the clock tower was added in 1901 as a memorial to Hogan. The cruciform church was designed by Henry Hunter (1832-1892) in the Gothic Revival style, in particular the Decorated Gothic style originally popular in England from c. 1270-1380. The church features buttresses, lancet windows, rose windows, a crenelated parapet and pointed corner finials on the tower, window tracery, and pointed arch doorways.    &#13;
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Irish-born James Hogan helped the convicted Irish nationalist activist John Mitchel (1815-1875) escape Tasmania in 1853.   &#13;
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.michaelgalovic.com/Pop/StFrancis.html" target="_self"&gt;http://www.michaelgalovic.com/Pop/StFrancis.html&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Animals, art, Assisi, Bevagna, birds, Cardinal Ugolini, Catholicism, Christianity, Francis of Assisi, Franciscan, Giovanni Francesco do Bernadone, icon, iconography, modern art, Pope Gregory IX, Pope Innocent III, Portiuncula, poverty, preacher, preaching, religious art, religious order, saint, Saint Francis of Assisi, St Francis of Assisi, The Little Flowers of St Francis, The Poor Clares, work, â€˜new iconsâ€™.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This artwork by Yugoslavian-Australian artist Michael Galovic depicts St Francis of Assisi, the thirteenth-century religious reformer, preaching to birds in his characteristic brown habit. It is an example of the artist&amp;rsquo;s modern religious artwork in which he seeks to create new versions of traditional icons, often featuring medieval figures such as St Francis or Hildegard of Bingen (see &lt;a href="http://www.michaelgalovic.com/galleryintro.html" target="_self"&gt;http://www.michaelgalovic.com/galleryintro.html&lt;/a&gt;). St Francis (Giovanni Francesco do Bernadone) was born in Assisi around 1181 to a wealthy cloth merchant. Following a dispute with his father in his twenties, he returned every stitch of clothing his father had ever given him and turned to a life of poverty and religious work, particularly by helping to rebuild churches. He founded the Franciscan Order, a religious order devoted to poverty, work and preaching, which was authorised by Pope Innocent III in 1210 and quickly grew in popularity from a few followers to a large network of Franciscan preachers and missionaries (administered by Cardinal Ugolini, later Pope Gregory IX) and an enclosed order for women, The Poor Clares. In 1224 St Francis received the stigmata. He died in 1226 and only two years later he was pronounced a saint by Pope Gregory IX. Among many well-known stories about St Francis and animals is the scene depicted in this painting, which is described in &lt;em&gt;The Little Flowers of St Francis&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;So solace-filled he left them, and full well,&lt;br /&gt;To penitence disposed, and, parting thence,&lt;br /&gt;Betwixt Carmano and Bevagna came. &lt;br /&gt;And, ardently as ever journeying on, &lt;br /&gt;He raised his eyes and certain trees beheld &lt;br /&gt;Fast by the way-side, on whose boughs were perched &lt;br /&gt;A multitude of birds innumerable, &lt;br /&gt;So that Saint Francis was amazed thereat, &lt;br /&gt;And said to his companions: &amp;ldquo;In the road &lt;br /&gt;Ye shall await me here, whole I go preach &lt;br /&gt;Unto the birds my sisters&amp;rdquo;: and he went &lt;br /&gt;Within the field, and to the birds &amp;lsquo;gan preach &lt;br /&gt;That on the ground were sitting; and at once &lt;br /&gt;Those that were on the trees did come to him,&lt;br /&gt;And, one and all, stayed motionless until &lt;br /&gt;Saint Francis had done preaching, and e&amp;rsquo;en then&lt;br /&gt;Departed not till he had given them &lt;br /&gt;His Benediction.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;(James Rhoades, &lt;em&gt;The Little Flowers of St Francis: Rendered into English Verse&lt;/em&gt;, London, 1904, pp.88-89).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Michael Galovic</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.michaelgalovic.com" target="_self"&gt;http://www.michaelgalovic.com&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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&lt;p&gt;1. Go to: &lt;a href="http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/Collection/CollectionSearch.jsp" target="_self"&gt;http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/Collection/CollectionSearch.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;2. Search by artist or title.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>art, Assisi, beating, business, Catholicism, Christianity, church, cloth merchant, drawing, family, father, Francis of Assisi, Franciscan Order, modern art, patrimony, poverty, preacher, preaching, religious order, repairs, saint, Saint Francis of Assisi, San Damiano, St Francis of Assisi, The Poor Clares, violence, work.</text>
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                <text>This work by Arthur Boyd was acquired by the Art Gallery of South Australia in 1969 with funds from the Morgan Thomas Bequest. It depicts St Francis of Assisi being beaten by his father, who is known to have objected to Francisâ€™ religious inclinations and specifically to have reprimanded him for selling cloth from his shop to fund church repairs. St Francis (Giovanni Francesco do Bernadone) was born in Assisi around 1181. After an adolescence spent learning his fatherâ€™s cloth business and aspiring to be a noble knight, he received his religious calling in his twenties when he was praying at San Damiano and heard Christ telling him to repair the church. Following a dispute with his father after selling cloth to raise money for the task, Francis returned every stitch of clothing his father had ever given him and renounced his patrimony. He turned to a life of poverty and religious work. He founded the Franciscan Order, a religious order devoted to poverty, work and preaching, which was authorised by Pope Innocent III in 1210 and quickly grew in popularity from a few followers to a large network of Franciscan preachers and missionaries (administered by Cardinal Ugolini, later Pope Gregory IX) and an enclosed order for women, The Poor Clares. In 1224 St Francis received the stigmata. He died in 1226, and was pronounced a saint only two years later by Pope Gregory IX. </text>
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                <text>Art Gallery of South Australia: &lt;a href="http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/" target="_self"&gt;http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Art Gallery of South Australia, with permission of the Bundanon Trust</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>Anglican, John Lee Archer, George Arthur, Bothwell, Celtic, Celtic cross, convict, Gothic, Gothic Revival, lancet window, pointed arch, Presbyterian, St Lukeâ€™s Church, stained glass, Tas, Tasmania, Uniting Church.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;St Luke&amp;rsquo;s Church is in the small town of Bothwell in Tasmania. Built by the government under the direction of Lieutenant Governor George Arthur (1784-1854), St Luke&amp;rsquo;s originally held combined services for Anglicans and Presbyterians, before the Anglicans built their own church in 1891. It is now a Uniting Church. It was designed in 1828 by John Lee Archer (1791-1852) and was opened in 1830. Apparently the building was supposed to have Romanesque semi-circular windows but George Arthur directed Archer to change them to the pointed Gothic style as he considered rounded windows unchristian (!). The simple interior of the church shows these Gothic windows, consisting of two lancet windows parallel and more recent stained glass. Some of the stained glass feature ring-headed &amp;lsquo;Celtic&amp;rsquo; crosses that originated during the early medieval period in Ireland. The design is more commonly found in Catholic churches but such stylistic barriers between the denominations are now less common.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For the exterior see &lt;a href="http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1146"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1146&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1147"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1147&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The main entrance to St David&amp;rsquo;s Cathedral is on Murray Street, Hobart. The cathedral was designed by English architect George Frederick Bodley (1827-1907) in 1865 in the Gothic Revival style. The foundation stone was laid in 1868 by Prince Alfred, the Duke of Edinburgh, and the nave was consecrated in 1874. The work was supervised by Henry Hunter (1832-1892). The pointed-arch doorway is entered through an arcade consisting of three pointed-arch entrances. The large west window above the entrance includes tracery, five lancet windows, and&amp;nbsp;leadlight made in Melbourne by Brooke Robinson and installed in 1965. The entrance is flanked by two additional pointed-arch windows featuring three lancet windows each, as well as buttressed turrets.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;George Bodley was a well-known architect working in the Gothic Revival style, and in particular he was influenced by late medieval architecture from England and northern Europe. His best known work is perhaps Magdalen College, Oxford.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For the cathedral tower see &lt;a href="http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1145"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1145&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For the interior see &lt;a href="http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1198"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1198&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>This article from &lt;em&gt;The Australian Women&amp;rsquo;s Weekly&lt;/em&gt; in 1955 posits contemporary Australian society as being at the precipice of a &amp;lsquo;New Renaissance&amp;rsquo; in terms of widening access to and public interest in fine art. Pinpointing Ancient Greece and the Renaissance in Europe as rare periods in history when art was appreciated not only by the rich and privileged but by a large proportion of the population, the article suggests that evidence of a growing and widespread interest in art is noticeable in art school attendance and patronage trends. As a result, &amp;lsquo;Housewives and shop-assistants, politicians and plumbers are now among those able to tell a Matisse from a Michelangelo and to live more fully because of that ability&amp;rsquo;. The article&amp;rsquo;s overall purpose is to advertise a &amp;pound;2000 Art Prize offered by &lt;em&gt;The Australian Women&amp;rsquo;s Weekly&lt;/em&gt;, so it is in the magazine&amp;rsquo;s interest to draw links between the flourishing of art in the Renaissance and the potential for contemporary interest in art to enrich society.</text>
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                <text>TROVE: National Library of Australia, &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51597233" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51597233&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>6 April 1955, p.2</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>St Michael and All Angels Anglican Church is in the small town of Bothwell in Tasmania. It was built from 1887 and consecrated in 1891 after disputes between the towns Anglican and Presbyterian congregations made the continued sharing of St Lukeâ€™s (1830) impossible.  St Michael and All Angels was designed by Launceston architect Alexander North and built of local stone by stonemason Thomas Lewis. The church is entered through a small porch featuring stone seats. Both doorways have pointed Gothic arches.  </text>
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        <name>Thomas Lewis</name>
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