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                  <text>Medievalism on the Streets</text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>The Procession</text>
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                <text>Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners, armor, armour, bands, banner, Bricklayers, eight hour, guild, knight, Labour Day, labour pageant, pageantry, parade, procession, labourer, Masons, medieval guild, Melbourne, Tinsmiths, trade union, United Society of Painters, Paperhangers and Decorators, trade unionism, union, unionism, VIC, Victoria, worker, working class </text>
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                <text>This article from The Argus newspaper provides a report of an Eight Hours procession through the streets of Melbourne in 1887, during which at least 50 different trades were represented. It makes note of the increasing size and elaborateness of the trade society banners being displayed, and describes in detail four banners that were featured in the parade for the first time. These were the banners of the Masons, the Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners, the Bricklayersâ€™ Society and the United Society of Painters, Paperhangers, and Decorators. Union banners have a medieval predecessor in the banners displayed by guilds (an association of craftsmen in the same trade), whereby each guild had a banner to identify their trade. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds. The author of this article also points out that several of the trades made efforts to demonstrate their handicrafts during the procession, with the Tinsmiths in particular parading two knights outfitted in suits of armour.  </text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia: &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7943706" target="_blank"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7943706&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Argus</text>
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                <text>22 April 1887</text>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>â€˜Galen, Hippocrates, and Aretaeus of Cappadociaâ€™ Window, The University of Sydney</text>
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                <text>anatomy, Anderson Stuart Building, Aretaeus of Cappadocia, Asklepios, classical, Gothic Revival, Hippocrates, John  Harris, medicine, neo-gothic, physicians, stained glass, stair window, surgeons, The University of Sydney, university, university building, window</text>
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                <text>This is the lower section of a two-tiered Gothic Revival stair window located in the Anderson Stuart Building at the University of Sydney. The window was donated by John Harris Esq., at a cost of Â£120 in c.1889 (Calendar of the University of Sydney for the year 1893, Sydney, W. E. Smith, 1893, p.375) It features a triad of classical physicians - Galen, Hippocrates, and Aretaeus of Cappadocia - each of whom had a profound influence on medical thought in the medieval and Renaissance periods and the development of medicine in general. The figures are separately surmounted and framed by late fourteenth to early fifteenth century canopies within individuated lights. Such figuration is very much in keeping with the customary practice of presenting a series of exemplary figures from history for edification and emulation. The Anderson Stuart Building, formerly known as â€˜The old medical schoolâ€™ is used for the teaching of anatomy. It also boasts a statue of Asklepios, the God of medicine and healing, and busts of several eminent physicians and surgeons. The Faculty of Medicine at Sydney University is the oldest in the country.</text>
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                <text>Urry, David &#13;
(photographer)</text>
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                <text>3 November 2011</text>
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        <name>Aretaeus of Cappadocia</name>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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                <text>The â€˜Caxton Windowâ€™</text>
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                <text>books, education, John Ashwin &amp; Co., John Radecki, Margaret of Burgundy, Mitchell Reading Room, New South Wales, NSW, patronage, print, printing, printing press, Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye (1474), stained glass, State Library of NSW, Sydney, William Caxton (c.1422-1492), window</text>
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                <text>An image of the â€˜Caxton Windowâ€™ located in the Mitchell Reading Room at the State Library of New South Wales. This stained glass window was created in a neo-medieval figurative style by John Radecki of Ashwin and Co., Sydney in 1941. It shows Englishman William Caxton presenting a copy of the Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye (1474) to his patron Margaret of Burgundy. The Caxton theme is an effective means of commemorating a momentous achievement in the history of English literature, namely the ready dissemination of cultural values and the arts via the printed page. Caxton later set up a printing press in Westminster in 1476, initially using type that he brought over from Bruges. This didactic window is superbly executed, and the significance of books and learning is highly appropriate for a library reading room. Regrettably the windowâ€™s finer details are not easily discernible from ground level. The placement of this window in the Mitchell reading room, which houses the early Australiana collection, provides a bridge between the two continents (Europe and Australia). </text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>â€˜The Cotterâ€™s Saturday Nightâ€™, Ballarat, Ballarat Botanic Gardens, Battle, Battle of Stirling Bridge (1297), bequest, Edward I (1239-1307), Guardian of Scotland, hero, James Russell Thomson (1818-1886), patriot, poem, Percival Ball (1845-1900), reverence, Robert Burns (1759-1796), statue, Thomson Bequest, VIC, Victoria, William Wallace, warrior. </text>
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                <text>This statue of William Wallace, the Scottish warrior famous for leading the defeat of English forces at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297, stands in the Botanic Gardens in Ballarat, Victoria. Sculpted by Percival Ball of Melbourne and unveiled in 1889, the statue was funded by a Â£3000 bequest to the gardens by James Russell Thomson, a Scottish miner who made his fortune during the Victorian gold rush. It was intended as a tribute to Thomsonâ€™s Scottish origins. The front the statue bears an inscription from Robert Burnsâ€™ 1785 sentimental poem â€˜The Cotterâ€™s Saturday Nightâ€™, which also lauds Wallace as a noble patriot and hero.</text>
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                <text>c.1913</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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              <text>Periodical [orig.];&#13;
PDF</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;See Page 98&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nla.gov.au/ferguson/13276638/18440808/00010007/1-10.pdf"&gt;http://www.nla.gov.au/ferguson/13276638/18440808/00010007/1-10.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Chaucer. [From various sources].</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>biography, Dante Alghieri (c.1265-1321), Early Australian Literary Tastes, Edmund Spenser (c.1552-1599), English language, Geoffrey Chaucer  (c.1340-1400), Hainault, heresy,  John of Gaunt (1340â€“1399), John Milton (1608â€“1674), John Wycliffe (d.1384), medieval poet, medieval poetry, poet, poetry, William Shakespeare (1564â€“1616).</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;This column from the &lt;em&gt;Colonial Literary Journal&lt;/em&gt; in 1844 provides a biography of medieval poet Geoffrey Chaucer. Quoting from an unnamed source, the article names Chaucer alongside Spenser, Shakespeare and Milton as one of the &amp;lsquo;Four Great English Poets&amp;rsquo;, and credits him with helping to form the English language. In its praise of Chaucer&amp;rsquo;s poetry, the article likens him to a range of Renaissance painters: &amp;ldquo;Chaucer excels in pathos, in humour, in satire, character, and description. &amp;ndash;His graphic faculty, and healthy sense of the material, strongly ally him to the painter; and perhaps a better idea could not be given of his universality than by saying, that he was at once the Italian and the Flemish painter of his time, and exhibited the pure expression of Raphael, the devotional intensity of Domenechino. The colour and corporeal fire of Titian, the manners of Hogarth, and the homely domesticities of Ostade and Teniers!&amp;rdquo;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Although the article lists 1328 as the year of Chaucer&amp;rsquo;s birth, most scholars date it almost two decades later, c.1340. See for example, Douglas Gray, &amp;lsquo;Chaucer, Geoffrey (c.1340&amp;ndash;1400)&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;Oxford Dictionary of National Biography&lt;/em&gt;, Oxford University Press, 2004 [&lt;a href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/5191" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/5191&lt;/a&gt;, accessed 24 Feb 2011.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Colonial Literary Journal and Weekly Miscellany of Useful Information, Volume 1, Number 7, p.98.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Colonial Literary Journal and Weekly Miscellany of Useful Information</text>
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                <text>Thursday 8 August 1844</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Colonial Literary Journal</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;Jack Cade: A Tribute to the Much-Maligned Patriot (see &amp;lsquo;Henry VI&amp;rsquo; Second Part. Act IV. Scene X)&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, 8 December 1894.</text>
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                <text>Alexander Iden, doggerel, Henry VI Part II, Jack Cade, John Bull, Kent, London, poetry, political commentary, rebellion, revolt, roast beef,  verse, Victor J. Daley (1858-1905), William Shakespeare (c.1564-1616). </text>
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                <text>Victor Daley was an Irishman who came to Australia as a young man. He wrote romantic verse and was referred to by Vivian Smith as, &amp;ldquo;one of the most attractive poets of the nineties in Australia&amp;rdquo; (Vivian Smith, &amp;lsquo;Poetry&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Oxford History of Australian Literature&lt;/em&gt;, ed. by Leonie Kramer, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1981, p.319). He also wrote under the pen-name Creeve Roe (trans. &amp;lsquo;Red Branch&amp;rsquo;), which conjures the image of a &amp;ldquo;Celtic bard singing ancient songs&amp;rdquo; in an unmistakably Antipodean context (Louise D&amp;rsquo;Arcens, &lt;em&gt;Old Songs in the Timeless Land: Medievalism in Australian Literature 1840-1910&lt;/em&gt;, Turnhout, Brepols, 2011, p.124). In this period poem, Daley praises the memory of Jack Cade, a Kentish rebel leader who died in 1450. The poem critiques Shakespeare&amp;rsquo;s treatment of Cade in Henry VI, Part II. Daley&amp;rsquo;s objective seems to be setting the record straight and praising Jack Cade for his courage. He also seeks to summon local resistance to social values that he thinks have no place in an Australian bush setting. Addressing the English Bard directly he states, &amp;ldquo;I think thy mediaeval / social views suit not this clime.&amp;rdquo; The denouement, which involves a fight between the well-nourished Kentish squire Alexander Iden and the near-starving disconsolate rebel Cade, produces imagery of John Bull, over-stuffed with English beef, taking-on those who are ill-prepared for resistance. It is a decidedly one-sided encounter, and the outcome &amp;ndash; Cade&amp;rsquo;s death &amp;ndash; is never seriously in doubt. The rationale for condemnation is that the likes of Alexander Iden, depicted &amp;ldquo;Gasconading in his garden,&amp;rdquo; frequently attract undeserved honours and knighthoods, while the impoverished people (Jack Cade among them) fare ignominiously. The poem closes after encouraging the downtrodden to take their lead from Cade, and concludes with a toast to the memory of his brave deeds.</text>
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                <text>Public Domain</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This pear case label for Viking Brand Fancy Grade Pears is approximately A4-size. It probably dates from 1938 or 1939 (see link below). Viking Brand were exported by W.H. Ikin &amp;amp; Son in Hobart and the produce was from Tasmania. The advert depicts a Viking dragon boat with both oars and sail being used. The boat also has round shields along its side, as is historically attested from the tenth-century Gokstad ship found in 1880 and now housed in the Viking Ship Museum near Oslo, Norway. The advertisement also proudly states that the pears are &amp;lsquo;Empire Produce&amp;rsquo;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For more information see &lt;a href="http://catalogue.statelibrary.tas.gov.au/item/?id=682142"&gt;http://catalogue.statelibrary.tas.gov.au/item/?id=682142&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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