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                <text>Eight-Hours Day, Sydney, Labour Movement, Trade Unions, carnival, Trade Union, trade unionism, procession, parade, processions, parades, â€˜Merrie Englandâ€™, craft guild, guild, guilds, craft, medieval origins of eight-hours day, carnival, Professor J.E. Thorold Rogers, Agincourt, Poitiers, Golden age of labour, labour, labourer, work, worker, workers, labourers, Charles Jardyne Don, stonemasons; King Alfred as originator of eight hours rest, sleep and recreation, Toothâ€™s brewery, Sydney, New South Wales, NSW</text>
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                <text>The writer credits the craft guilds of medieval England for the eight-hour system, including the Saturday half-holiday. The latter was supposed to be devoted to archery practice, which eventually ensured English mastery of the bow and arrow and their successes at Agincourt and Poitiers. Later in the article, King Alfred is cited as the originator of the divided day: sleep, work and recreation.&#13;
&#13;
Although the eight-hour movement was won in Melbourne in 1856 after the stonemasons working on the construction of the University of Melbourne marched to the Government House, the writer asserts that it was won in Sydney in 1855 for the Toothâ€™s brewery workers.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10462/deriv/145853"&gt;http://hdl.handle.net/10462/deriv/145853&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Photograph portraying a 1912 parade celebrating the Eight Hour Day. Trade unionists are in the parade showing their support by bearing a medieval inspired banner. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds.</text>
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&#13;
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                <text>Canterbury City Council</text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>A digital photograph of the parade at the Balingup Medieval Carnivale. One of the highlights of the parade was an appropriately green and scaly smoke breathing winged dragon on wheels pulled by a chain. Dragons are a popular element of the medieval period, occurring in Old English (Anglo-Saxon) literature, most famously in Beowulf, on the prows of some Viking ships, and as the victim of St George. More recently, dragons have featured in a number of stories by Tolkien, and perhaps in the popular imagination threatening damsels.</text>
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&#13;
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