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                  <text>Medievalism on the Streets</text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;A photograph from c. 1911 of a large crowd lining Argent Street in Broken Hill to watch a Labor Day procession of men carrying union banners.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Union banners have a medieval predecessor in the banners used by guilds (an association of craftsmen in the same trade), with each guild having a banner to show their trade. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For an example of recreation medieval guild banners from 1909 in York see &lt;a href="http://www.theyorkcompany.co.uk/find_out_more/page020104.php" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.theyorkcompany.co.uk/find_out_more/page020104.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;An image depicting members of the Irish National Foresters Friendly Society on board a float in a Saint Patrick's Day procession in Sydney, ca 1930.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;About the Society:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The Irish National Foresters Organisation/Friendly Society is a mutual aid society, which was established to help members in distress and the relatives of members who are deceased. It began in 1877 as a breakaway from the Order of Foresters, which was originally set up in England by medieval serfs. As they were not permitted to meet openly, their meetings were gathered in dense forest and they took names associated with forestry and applied them to their leaders (e.g. Chief Ranger, Assistant Chief Ranger, Woodward and Beadle).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The I.N.F grew rapidly and soon became the largest friendly society in Ireland. It is non-sectarian, non-political and is not divided by class. It supported Irish nationalism and its constitution called for 'government for Ireland by the Irish people in accordance with Irish ideas and Irish aspirations'. The INF group are non-political and non-sectarian. The Society is also not based on class distinctions.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://museumvictoria.com.au/collections/items/250056/sash-irish-national-foresters-after-1877"&gt;http://museumvictoria.com.au/collections/items/250056/sash-irish-national-foresters-after-1877&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>Balingup, Balingup Medieval Carnivale, carnival, carnivals, leisure, festivities, chicken, haircut, parade, parades, procession, processions, re-creation, recreation, Shire of Donnybrook-Balingup, South-West WA, tonsure, WA, Western Australia</text>
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                <text>A close-up digital photograph of a section of the parade at the Balingup Medieval Carnivale. This image features a man, perhaps a cleric, leading a giant chicken. The tonsure haircut is a particularly impressive detail. The parade went through the town of Balingup before ending up at the carnivale site. It took place on both days of the carnivale in the early afternoon. </text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Men, women, and children marching with Ancient Order of Foresters banners prior to arriving at the Belair National Park. &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;About the Ancient Order of Foresters:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The Ancient Order of Foresters originated in England in the mid-eighteenth century, with the first recorded Foresters meeting being held in Leeds in 1834. The 'Ancient Order'&amp;nbsp;in the friendly society's title probably refers to the medieval origins of foresters. The term entered Middle English via Old French and is first attested in English in 1297. A forester was an officer in charge of a forest, or of growing timber on an estate&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;Oxford English Dictionary&lt;/em&gt;).The Ancient Order of Foresters established its first branch (court) in Australia in Victoria in 1849.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The Foresters are a non-profit organisation. The principles of the society are founded on a desire to provide financial and social benefits as well as support to members and their families in times of unemployment, sickness, death, disability and old age. Consequently, the Foresters played a particularly active role in the lives of members and their families during the Depression and both World Wars.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Membership growth was significant during and up to the mid 1940's. At this stage the society had nearly one hundred courts located throughout Victoria, and had representation in all states of Australia. During this period funds raised by Foresters contributed to the construction of approximately twenty Foresters halls throughout the state. These facilities were utilised for meetings and community purposes and halls were used as refuges in times of trauma such as bushfires and floods.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In the post Second World War period membership began to decline as the social circumstances improved due to the growth of the economy and an abundance of work and improvement in the provision of government benefits. Although the importance of such groups as the Ancient Order of Foresters has declined in recent years, the society through a core of loyal and dedicated members, has never wavered from its original objectives and mission to "serve the community and deserving groups by involvement in social activities and fund raising for charities."&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.forestersfs.com.au/1history.html"&gt;http://www.forestersfs.com.au/1history.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Ancient Order of Foresters, Foresters, friendly societies, friendly society, procession, processions, parade, parades, float, floats, fraternity, fraternities, banner, banners, child, children, juvenile, Ted Hood, NSW, New South Wales</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Image depicting a children's float for the Ancient Order of Foresters at a parade in NSW.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About the Ancient Order of Foresters:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"&gt;The Ancient Order of Foresters originated in England in the mid-eighteenth century, with the first recorded Foresters meeting being held in Leeds in 1834. The Ancient Order of Foresters established its first branch (court) in Australia in Victoria in 1849.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"&gt;The Foresters are a non-profit &lt;span class="spelle"&gt;organisation&lt;/span&gt;. The principles of the society are founded on a desire to provide financial and social benefits as well as support to members and their families in times of unemployment, sickness, death, disability and old age. Consequently, the Foresters played a particularly active role in the lives of members and their families during the Depression and both World Wars.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"&gt;Membership growth was significant during and up to the mid 1940's. At this stage the society had nearly one hundred courts located throughout Victoria, and had representation in all states of Australia. During this period funds raised by Foresters contributed to the construction of approximately twenty Foresters halls throughout the state. These facilities were &lt;span class="spelle"&gt;utilised&lt;/span&gt; for meetings and community purposes and halls were used as refuges in times of trauma such as bushfires and floods.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"&gt;In the post Second World War period membership began to decline as the social circumstances improved due to the growth of the economy and an abundance of work and improvement in the provision of government benefits. Although the importance of such groups as the Ancient Order of Foresters has declined in recent years, the society through a core of loyal and dedicated &lt;span class="grame"&gt;members,&lt;/span&gt; has never wavered from its original objectives and mission to "serve the community and deserving groups by involvement in social activities and fund raising for charities." &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Hood, Ted</text>
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                <text>1929</text>
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                <text>State Library of New South Wales</text>
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                <text>Federated Municipal Employees' Union, parade, parades, procession, processions, banner, banners, float, floats, horse-drawn, trade union, trade unions, trade unionism, labour, trade procession, trade processions, working class, Ballarat, Victoria, Melbourne, advertising, workers, Walter Ham, 1920</text>
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                <text>Federated Municipal Employees depicted with a FME banner drawn by four horses at a trade union parade in Ballarat, 1920. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For information regarding the Federated Municipal Employees' Union of Australia, see:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.atua.org.au/biogs/ALE0475b.htm"&gt;http://www.atua.org.au/biogs/ALE0475b.htm&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This article written by the Australian Broadcasting Commission in 2010 displays a collection of primary source materials pertaining to the Australian Federation Parade in Sydney in 1901. Of particular interest are the groups of people present at/participating in the parade. E.g. the Oddfellows, the Ancient Order of Druids, the Irish National Foresters, mounted police, a squadron of Lancers, the Australian Holy Catholic Guild, trade unionists bearing an 'Eight Hour' banner.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Also of interest is the poem extracted from the Left-wing Melbourne newspaper, &lt;em&gt;The Tocsin&lt;/em&gt;, which, through the use of medieval imagery, laments the end of Victorian economic autonomy.&lt;br /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Australian Broadcasting Commission, 2010</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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              <text>Print: Wood Engraving published in The Australian news for home readers. &#13;
Accession No: IAN19/05/66/8;&#13;
Image No: mp001027</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.slv.vic.gov.au/miscpics/gid/slv-pic-aab15089"&gt;http://www.slv.vic.gov.au/miscpics/gid/slv-pic-aab15089&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Wood Engraving by Frederick Grosse (1866) depicting the 1866 procession which started at the Trades Hall, Carlton and finished at the North Botanical Gardens, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the eight hours movement.</text>
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                <text>Grosse, Frederick</text>
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                <text>Melbourne : Ebenezer and David Syme</text>
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                <text>19 May 1866</text>
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                <text>Reproduction rights owned by the State Library of Victoria</text>
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