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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32284566" target="_blank"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32284566&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Building a Cathedral. Progress at St. Mary's.</text>
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                <text>â€œSt Maryâ€™s Cathedralâ€, â€œSt. Maryâ€™s churchâ€, Cathedral, church, Catholicism, â€œGothic architectureâ€, â€œEast Perthâ€, rebuilding, â€œCavanagh - architectâ€, masons, stonemasons, craftsmen, "guild journeymanâ€, stonework, stone, stained-glass, windows,  â€œmedieval village cathedralsâ€, transepts, sanctuary, sacristy, â€œlady chapelâ€</text>
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                <text>In this newspaper article from The West Australian, the author describes progress on the building of the eastern part of St. Maryâ€™s Cathedral in East Perth in June, 1929. He describes the Gothic design of the architecture as a particularly English style dating from the period 1370-1550, characterised by â€œa perpendicularity given it by the extensions of the chief mullions in the windows on to the arches and the addition of horizontal bars or transoms to divide the long lightsâ€. The style is also notable, the article suggests, for its â€œgreat window spacesâ€. In the second half of the article, the author likens the intricate stonework of the 25 masons employed to work on the cathedral to that of guild journeymen building village cathedrals in the middle ages.</text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32284566" target="_blank"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32284566&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32284539" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Saturday, 1 June 1929, p.7.</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32284539" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32284539&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>For St. Mary's Cathedral</text>
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                <text>â€œSt Maryâ€™s Cathedralâ€, â€œSt. Maryâ€™s churchâ€, Cathedral, church, Catholicism, â€œGothic architectureâ€, â€œEast Perth", stonemason, masons, guild, craftsmen, stonework, "stone carving."</text>
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                <text>This photograph from the West Australian shows a mason carving a crocket on a stone pinnacle during the building of St. Maryâ€™s Cathedral in East Perth in 1929. The caption accompanying the photograph likens his work to that of a medieval guild craftsman. </text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>An image of crowds of people gathered on Queen Street in Brisbane, QLD to watch the floats in a St. Patrick's Day parade. Processions with banners were a feature of the later medieval period. The banner for the St Patrick's day procession also features a number of items associated with medieval Ireland, including a harp and ring-headed 'Celtic' cross.</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>In this article, a summary is provided of the Archbishop of Sydneyâ€™s response to a memorial regarding the controversial debate over the wearing of vestments by Anglican clergy. According to Dr Wright, the article reports, the use of vestments was deliberately discarded by the Anglican Church at the reformation along with other aspects of medieval theology, and the â€œrevivalâ€ of vestments equated to â€œa deliberate reintroduction of medieval usageâ€. He therefore would not sanction the use of vestments until the canon law was altered to make the practice legal.&#13;
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John Charles Wright was appointed Archbishop of Sydney in 1909. He was known for his adherence to laws of the Church, and for his insistence that his role was to administer the existing laws, not devise new ones. He was particularly opposed to the use of the chasuble by Anglican clergy, and made clergy within his diocese agree not to wear them. See Stephen E. Judd, â€œWright, John Charles (1861-1933)â€, Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 12, Melbourne University Press, 1990, pp. 585-586.</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>anniversary, Apostolic Administrator, Apostolic Vicar, Apostolic vicariate of Kimberley in Western Australia, bishop, Bishop of Cologne, Bishop Ernesto Coppo, Bishop John Jobst, Bishop Otto Raible (1887-1966), cardinal, Cardinal Frings, Cardinal Griffin, cathedral, Catholic jurisdiction, Catholicism, celebration, ceremony, Cologne, Cologne Cathedral, Diocese of Broome, Kimberley region, Lord Pakenham, â€œmedieval splendourâ€, north-west Australia, priest, Roman Catholic Church, titular bishop, tradition, University Hall, vicariate</text>
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                <text>In this article from The West Australian, the attendance of the Apostolic Vicar of North-West Australia at celebrations in Cologne for the 700th anniversary of Cologne Cathedral is reported. The proceedings, the article suggests, were opened with a ceremony of â€œmedieval splendourâ€. The man in question is most likely the German-born Bishop Otto Raible, who succeeded Bishop Ernesto Coppo as the Apostolic Administrator of the Vicariate of Kimberley in Western Australia in 1928. He continued in this position until 1935, when he was consecrated as a bishop. Thereafter, he served as the Vicar Apostolic between 1935 and 1958. He was succeeded by Bishop John Jobst in 1959, when the jurisdiction was also renamed the vicariate of Kimberleys. In 1966, it was promoted as the Diocese of Broome. </text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Tahoma; color: #000000; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;National Library of Australia,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article46928923" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri; color: #0000ff; font-size: small;"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article46928923&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>16 August 1948, p. 11.</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;To view this image,&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;1. Go to: &lt;a href="http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/Collection/CollectionSearch.jsp" target="_self"&gt;http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/Collection/CollectionSearch.jsp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;2. Search by artist or title.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>'St Francis beaten by his Father', by Arthur Boyd</text>
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                <text>art, Assisi, beating, business, Catholicism, Christianity, church, cloth merchant, drawing, family, father, Francis of Assisi, Franciscan Order, modern art, patrimony, poverty, preacher, preaching, religious order, repairs, saint, Saint Francis of Assisi, San Damiano, St Francis of Assisi, The Poor Clares, violence, work.</text>
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                <text>This work by Arthur Boyd was acquired by the Art Gallery of South Australia in 1969 with funds from the Morgan Thomas Bequest. It depicts St Francis of Assisi being beaten by his father, who is known to have objected to Francisâ€™ religious inclinations and specifically to have reprimanded him for selling cloth from his shop to fund church repairs. St Francis (Giovanni Francesco do Bernadone) was born in Assisi around 1181. After an adolescence spent learning his fatherâ€™s cloth business and aspiring to be a noble knight, he received his religious calling in his twenties when he was praying at San Damiano and heard Christ telling him to repair the church. Following a dispute with his father after selling cloth to raise money for the task, Francis returned every stitch of clothing his father had ever given him and renounced his patrimony. He turned to a life of poverty and religious work. He founded the Franciscan Order, a religious order devoted to poverty, work and preaching, which was authorised by Pope Innocent III in 1210 and quickly grew in popularity from a few followers to a large network of Franciscan preachers and missionaries (administered by Cardinal Ugolini, later Pope Gregory IX) and an enclosed order for women, The Poor Clares. In 1224 St Francis received the stigmata. He died in 1226, and was pronounced a saint only two years later by Pope Gregory IX. </text>
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                <text>Arthur Boyd, 1920-1999</text>
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                <text>Art Gallery of South Australia: &lt;a href="http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/" target="_self"&gt;http://www.artgallery.sa.gov.au/agsa/home/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</text>
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                <text>1965</text>
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                <text>Art Gallery of South Australia, with permission of the Bundanon Trust</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>St Francis Xavier Church in Geraldton, Western Australia, designed by Monsignor John Cyril Hawes, has a mixture of Romanesque and Spanish mission style architecture. The first stone was laid in 1916, but the cathedral was not completed until 1938.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
About Monsignor John Cyril Hawes (1876-1956): &#13;
&#13;
John Cyril Hawes was born in Surrey in 1876 and trained as an architect before being ordained as an Anglican priest in 1903. He converted to Roman Catholicism in 1911 and entered Beda College in Rome in 1913. Two years later, he was ordained as a Catholic priest. While in Rome, Hawes met Bishop William Bernard Kelly from Western Australia and was recruited by him to the Geraldton diocese as a missionary. He was also commissioned to build a Cathedral. Hawes arrived in Geraldton in November 1915 and work began on the Cathedral in June 1916. The nave opened for services in 1918, but a lack of funds stalled completion of the cathedral until 1938. Hawes received the papal title of â€˜monsignorâ€™ in 1937. In 1939, he returned to the Bahamas, where he had worked to repair churches damaged by a hurricane before converting to Catholicism. He built a hermitage on Cat Island, but was sought out to design churches and supervise building on Cat Island, Long Island, and in Nassau. &#13;
&#13;
During his time in Western Australia, Hawes built a number of other, largely Romanesque style, churches in the WA outback. These include the parish church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Mullawa (1927), and churches at Morawa (1932), Carnarvon (1934), Northampton and the Utakarra cemetery chapel (1935), and Perenjori (1936), and chapels at Yalgoo, Bluff Point, Nanson and the Melangatta homestead.&#13;
&#13;
For more information on Monsignor John Cyril Hawes, see A. G. Evans, 'Hawes, John Cyril (1876-1956)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 9, Melbourne University Press, 1983, pp.229-230; John J. Taylor, Between Devotion and Design: The Architecture of John Cyril Hawes 1876-1956, (University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 2001).  </text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;St. Joseph&amp;rsquo;s Roman Catholic Church in Subiaco, Western Australia was designed  by architect Edgar L. B. Henderson and built by C. W. Arnot between  1933 and 1937. It is constructed from red brick and pressed cement in an  inter-war gothic style common of the 1920s and 1930s. It exhibits many  features common to gothic architecture, including pointed gothic arches,  lancet windows, elaborate bar tracery in the stained glass windows and  blind tracery on the tympana of the doorways, and a large tower and  spire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The windows of St Joseph&amp;rsquo;s are a mixture of the early gothic  style single (or standalone), lancet windows, collections of two or  three single windows positioned side by side, and also the later gothic  trend of enclosing multiple lancet windows beneath one arch and  separating them with mullions to form larger windows and allow for more  light to enter the church.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In 2001, the church and presbytery were placed on the Heritage list for WA.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
For a timeline of the church's history, see &lt;a href="http://www.stjosephssubiaco.org.au/our-parish/history/"&gt;http://www.stjosephssubiaco.org.au/our-parish&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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McEwan, Joanne</text>
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