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                  <text>Medievalism on the Streets</text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Torture Display at Kryal Castle</text>
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                <text>capital punishment, punishment, torture, Kryal Castle, castle, Keith Ryall, tourism, rat, cage, tower, battlements, leisure, recreation, re-creation, entertainment, functions, Ballarat, Melbourne, VIC, Victoria, barbarism, cruelty</text>
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                <text>An image taken at the Kryal Castle model Medieval Torture display. This mannequin is being tortured using a rat in a cage, an effective form of capital punishment used in the Middle Ages.&#13;
&#13;
About Kryal Castle:&#13;
&#13;
Located 8km from Ballarat in Victoria, Kryal Castle is a local tourist attraction. Described as â€˜Australiaâ€™s unique medieval castleâ€™, Kryal Castle can be hired for weddings, conferences, functions, and special events. It was built in 1972 and opened in 1974 by Keith Ryall. Its medieval architectural features include crenellation, a moat, and a defended gate with flanking towers, drawbridge and a porticullis. </text>
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                <text>Jeffrey, N.</text>
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                <text>2007</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="33585">
                <text>N. Jeffrey, 2007</text>
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        <name>Keith Ryall</name>
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        <name>Kryal Castle</name>
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        <name>leisure</name>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mickjoffe.com/H.R.H._Prince_Leonard" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0000ff;"&gt;http://www.mickjoffe.com/H.R.H._Prince_Leonard&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Interview with H.R.H Prince Leonard I, from Mick Joffeâ€™s Endangered Characters of Australia</text>
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                <text>Astronomy, Australian government, Bill of Rights, constitutional law, H.R.H Prince Leonard I, H.R.H. Princess Shirley, heraldry, Hutt River Province, independent sovereign state, Indiana University, knight, knighthood, law, legal principle, Leonard I, Leonard George Casley (b.1925), Magna Carta, medieval law, Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), parliament, peerage, physics, Principality of Hutt River, regalia, Royal College of heraldry, secession, WA, Western Australia, Wheat Quota</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;An interview and caricature of H.R.H. Prince Leonard I of Hutt River wearing his royal regalia, by Australian caricaturist Mick Joffe. The Principality of Hutt River is located 595km north of Perth in Western Australia. It comprises an area of approximately 18, 500 acres of farmland and is ruled as an independent sovereign nation by Prince Leonard I and his wife Princess Shirley. Following a dispute over damaging new Wheat Quotas introduced by the Australian government in 1969, and subsequent laws to enforce them, WA farmer Leonard George Casley seceded from Australia in April 1970. He based his legal argument for secession on a number of legal principles and laws, including medieval laws such as Magna Carta, the Statute of Westminster and the 1496 Treason Act. As he explains to Mick Joffe during this interview, &amp;ldquo;The Government had no right to take anyone&amp;rsquo;s ability to make a living or to take their land without compensation. These rights Australia inherited from the Bill of Rights and the Magna Carta&amp;rdquo;. Prince Leonard also established his own College of Heraldry in the Principality of Hutt River, and estimates that (as of 1995) he had bestowed approximately 200 peerages and knighthoods. For more on the Principality of Hutt River or the Royal College of Heraldry, see: &lt;a href="http://www.hutt-river-province.com/" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.hutt-river-province.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Furthermore, Prince Leonard I declares an ongoing interest in the science of gravity, relativity and physics, and established a Royal College of Advanced Research in the Principality of Hutt River. During this interview Joffe cites feedback that Casley received from the Department of Astronamy [sic] at Indiana University in 1963 regarding papers he published on Relativity and the Solar system. The letter suggests that he may have &amp;ldquo;made the first fundamental contribution in this field since Copernicus&amp;rdquo; (For a copy of this letter, see R.C. Hyslop, &lt;em&gt;The Man: His Royal Highness Prince Leonard, &amp;nbsp;Sovereign of the Hutt River Province Principality (An Independent Sovereign State),&lt;/em&gt; Publication Printers, West Perth, [1979], p.12). Copernicus was a Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who proposed the heliocentric model of cosmology whereby the sun remains stationary and is orbited by the Earth. Copernicus is often credited with starting the Scientific Revolution.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Joffe, Mick</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma; font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Mick Joffe Caricatures: &lt;a href="http://www.mickjoffe.com/" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.mickjoffe.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Interview 1995; online publication 2010</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18781">
                <text>Â© Mick Joffe</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18782">
                <text>Hyperlink</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>English</text>
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        <name>H.R.H Prince Leonard I</name>
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        <name>H.R.H. Princess Shirley</name>
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        <name>heraldry</name>
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        <name>Hutt River Province</name>
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        <name>Indiana University</name>
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        <name>Leonard George Casley</name>
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        <name>Leonard I</name>
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        <name>Magna Carta</name>
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      <tag tagId="99">
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        <name>Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)</name>
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        <name>Principality of Hutt River</name>
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        <name>regalia</name>
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        <name>secession</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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      <description>Title, URL, Description or annotation.</description>
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          <name>URL</name>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.fremantlepress.com.au/books/newreleases/1253" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.fremantlepress.com.au/books/newreleases/1253&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>The Last Viking</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Childrenâ€™s literature, James Foley, literature, child, children, juvenile, fiction, young adult, Fremantle Press, illustration, Norman Jorgensen, picture book, Viking, WA, Western Australia</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The childrenâ€™s picture book â€˜The Last Vikingâ€™ by Australian authors Norman Jorgensen and James Foley (illustrator) published by the Western Australian publisher Fremantle Press. The story is about a boy who connects with his inner Viking to help him outwit bullies. The Vikings were warriors from Scandinavia in the period c. 790-1100 who were renowned for their bravery and ferocity.  </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8949">
                <text>Jorgensen, Norman, and James Foley</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8950">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.fremantlepress.com.au/books/newreleases/1253" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.fremantlepress.com.au/books/newreleases/1253&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8951">
                <text>Fremantle Press</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8952">
                <text>26 June 2011</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="8953">
                <text>Norman Jorgensen and James Foley, Fremantle Press</text>
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                  <text>This Collection traces the development of academic medievalism in Australiaâ€™s universities, and explores the disciplineâ€™s complex ideological affiliations. In this Collection you will find items relating to: the medievalist content of educational programmes, such as examples of university unit outlines; the teaching of the medieval through processes of medievalism, such as in demonstrations of medieval cooking or fighting techniques; and references to the medieval in modern educational debates and contexts.</text>
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                <text>A blog for the childrenâ€™s picture book â€˜The Last Vikingâ€™ by Australian authors Norman Jorgensen and James Foley (illustrator) published by the Western Australian publisher Fremantle Press. The story is about a boy who connects with his inner Viking to help him outwit bullies. The blog includes educational childrenâ€™s activities (how to read runes, rune puzzles, colouring in), historical information (for example on William the Conqueror), and a section for teachers outlining how the book fits into the school curriculum, its themes, book design, and instructions on how students should post comments to the blog. </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://knutthelastviking.wordpress.com/" target="_blank"&gt;http://knutthelastviking.wordpress.com/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>26 June 2011</text>
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                <text>Jorgensen, Norman, and James Foley</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Jorgensen, Norman, and James Foley, "The Last Viking," in Medievalism in Australian Cultural Memory, Item #420, &lt;a href="../../../items/show/420"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/420&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="../../items/show/420"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="../../items/show/420"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="../../items/show/420"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
Jorgensen, Norman, and James Foley, "The Last Viking," in Medievalism in Australian Cultural Memory, Item #420, &lt;a href="../../items/show/420"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/420&lt;/a&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>Anglican, Anglicanism, architect, architecture, buttress, cathedral, church, ecclesiastical building, Edmund T. Blacket, Frederick Barker, gothic, gothic architecture, Gothic Perpendicular style, gothic revival, James Hume, neo-gothic, New South Wales, NSW, pinnacle, Saint Andrew, St. Andrew, Sydney, tower, tracery, window, York Minster Cathedral</text>
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                <text>A photograph of St Andrewâ€™s Cathedral in Sydney dating from c.1895. St Andrewâ€™s functions as the seat of the Anglican Archbishop of Sydney and is the oldest cathedral in Australia. Construction of the cathedral was completed in 1868, and it was consecrated by the second Bishop of Sydney, Frederick Barker, on St Andrewâ€™s day (30 November) that year. St Andrewâ€™s Cathedral is built in a Gothic Perpendicular style according to the design of well-known gothic revival architect Edmund T. Blacket. Blacket replaced James Hume as the cathedral's architect, and had to adapt his plans to conform to the shape and size of foundations that were already in place. In this photograph the cathedralâ€™s traditional cruciform shape is evident, as are its two distinctive towers, its numerous decorated pinnacles and its ornate traceried gothic windows. The western facade of St Andrewâ€™s is believed to have been modelled on York Minster Cathedral, the towers of which date to the fifteenth century. </text>
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                <text>Kerry &amp; Co.</text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
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                <text>ca. 1895</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14071">
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                <text>Hyperlink. 1 photograph : albumen ; 15.4 x 20.4 cm.</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>Commoners Invoked Magna Carta</text>
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                <text>Administrative system, Archbishop Stephen Langton, barons, boroughs, British Commonwealth, Bruton School, Charter, church, cities, commoners, commonwealth, Crown, crusades, feudal system, free trial, Great Charter (1215), human rights, inspeximus copy, judicial system, justice, King John (r.1199-1216), law, legal judgement, liberty, Library Committee, Lincoln Cathedral, Magna Carta, medieval law, medieval people, merchants, National Library, parliament, Professor Murdoch, rights, Robert Fitzwalter (d.1235), subjects, towns, trial by ordeal, United States, villein, weights and measures, William de Braioise</text>
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                <text>In this article rebutting criticisms levelled at the Australian Government for its decision to purchase an inspeximus copy (1297) of Magna Carta in 1952, the author begins by reminding readers that the important medieval document would be placed on display in the National Library, where it could be viewed by members of the public. He goes on to explain the significance of Magna Carta, stating that it did not function merely to protect the rights of barons as was often thought, but also those of â€˜the Church, merchants, cities, towns and boroughsâ€™. Additionally, he continues, it set up a judicial and administrative system and established precedents to guarantee the liberty of all subjects. Examples are then provided to support the authorâ€™s claim that medieval people recognised the wider remit of Magna Carta, including that of a villein who invoked the Charter to sue a Prior and a tenantâ€™s widow who invoked it against an Earl.</text>
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                <text>The West Australian</text>
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