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                <text>St Francis Xavier Church in Geraldton, Western Australia, designed by Monsignor John Cyril Hawes, has a mixture of Romanesque and Spanish mission style architecture. The first stone was laid in 1916, but following the death of Bishop Kelly the cathedral was not completed until 1938 due to a lack of funds and lack of enthusiasm from Kellyâ€™s replacement, Bishop Ryan.&#13;
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The cathedral is an interesting mix of styles. The twin towers at the front are similar to the Spanish mission style architecture (eg. The Mission Church of Santa Barbara in California), the central doorway is French Romanesque, the dome has echoes of Brunelleschiâ€™s cupola in Florence, and the cone-roofed tower at the rear is similar to those found on French Renaissance chÃ¢teaux. The interior features Romanesque columns, timbered ceiling, and zebra striping on the walls and arches.&#13;
&#13;
For more information on Monsignor John Cyril Hawes, see A. G. Evans, 'Hawes, John Cyril (1876-1956)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 9, Melbourne University Press, 1983, pp.229-230; John J. Taylor, Between Devotion and Design: The Architecture of John Cyril Hawes 1876-1956, (University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 2001).</text>
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                <text>St Francis Xavier Church in Geraldton, Western Australia, designed by Monsignor John Cyril Hawes, has a mixture of Romanesque and Spanish mission style architecture. The first stone was laid in 1916, but following the death of Bishop Kelly the cathedral was not completed until 1938 due to a lack of funds and lack of enthusiasm from Kellyâ€™s replacement, Bishop Ryan.&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
For more information on Monsignor John Cyril Hawes, see A. G. Evans, 'Hawes, John Cyril (1876-1956)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 9, Melbourne University Press, 1983, pp.229-230; John J. Taylor, Between Devotion and Design: The Architecture of John Cyril Hawes 1876-1956, (University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 2001).</text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>centennial, Centennial International Exhibition, Collins Street, crowd, exhibition, floats, float, industry, international exhibition, Melbourne, parade, procession, showcase, parades, processions, street parade, trade banners, banner, banners, Victoria, World Fair, Samuel Calvert, engravings, engraving</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;An illustration of a street parade in Collins Street, Melbourne, drawn from the perspective of the Treasury Buildings. Crowds of spectators line the street to watch as a procession of horse-drawn floats and trade banners are paraded along Collins Street as part of the Centennial International Exhibition. The Exhibition was held at the Royal Exhibition Building in Carlton Gardens in 1888.Trade banners have a medieval predecessor in the banners used by guilds (an association of craftsmen in the same trade), with each guild having a banner to show their trade. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For an example of recreation guild banners from 1909 in York see &lt;a href="http://www.theyorkcompany.co.uk/find_out_more/page020104.php" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.theyorkcompany.co.uk/find_out_more/page020104.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>Altar, altarpiece, Art, artwork, Benedictine monks, Benedictines, boarding school, Byzantine style, Catholic church, Catholic college, Catholic education, chapel, De virginitate sanctae mariae, hagiography, interior, Marist Brothers, Mary, monastery, monasticism, monks, New Norcia, Order of St Benedict, painting, saint, Spanish influence, Spanish mission, St Benedict of Nursia, St Ildephonsus, St Ildephonsusâ€™ College, vestment, Virgin Mary, virginity, WA, Western Australia</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;A view of the chapel interior at St Ildephonsus&amp;rsquo; College in New Norcia.  St Ildephonsus was a seventh-century monk at the Benedictine monastery  of Agli near Toledo. From 657 until his death in 667, he served as the  Archbishop of Toledo. One of his works, De Virginitate Sanctae Mariae,  is a treatise defending the perpetual virginity of Mary. The painting  above the altarpiece in the New Norcia chapel depicts the hagiographical  legend in which Mary appeared before Ildephonsus and presented him with  a priestly vestment as a reward for honouring her.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;New Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Originally intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the  indigenous peoples of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was  founded in 1847 by two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito  Serra and Dom Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary  activities at new Norcia decreased following his appointment as  Co-adjutor Bishop of Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed  himself wholly to developing the mission and leading the monastic  community. He subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years  of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe,  which provided him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork  and equipment for the community and also to oversee the construction of  new buildings. He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New  Norcia. Under Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914),  New Norcia became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An  increased focus on education and artistic pursuits led to the  establishment of two schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s  buildings. St Ildephonsus opened in 1913 as a boarding school for boys.  It was staffed by Marist Brothers until 1965, when the Benedictines took  over. The school closed in 1991 and is now used primarily as a venue  for school camps.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For more information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>St Ildephonsusâ€™ Chapel Interior, New Norcia</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Altar, altarpiece, Art, artwork, Benedictine monks, Benedictines, boarding school, Byzantine style, Catholic church, Catholic college, Catholic education, chapel, De virginitate sanctae mariae, hagiography, interior, Marist Brothers, Mary, monastery, monasticism, monks, New Norcia, Order of St Benedict, painting, saint, Spanish influence, Spanish mission, St Benedict of Nursia, St Ildephonsus, St Ildephonsusâ€™ College, vestment, Virgin Mary, virginity, WA, Western Australia</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;A view of the chapel interior at St Ildephonsus&amp;rsquo; College in New Norcia.  St Ildephonsus was a seventh-century monk at the Benedictine monastery  of Agli near Toledo. From 657 until his death in 667, he served as the  Archbishop of Toledo. One of his works, De Virginitate Sanctae Mariae,  is a treatise defending the perpetual virginity of Mary. The painting  above the altarpiece in the New Norcia chapel depicts the hagiographical  legend in which Mary appeared before Ildephonsus and presented him with  a priestly vestment as a reward for honouring her.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;br /&gt; New Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Originally intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the  indigenous peoples of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was  founded in 1847 by two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito  Serra and Dom Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary  activities at new Norcia decreased following his appointment as  Co-adjutor Bishop of Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed  himself wholly to developing the mission and leading the monastic  community. He subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years  of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe,  which provided him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork  and equipment for the community and also to oversee the construction of  new buildings. He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New  Norcia. Under Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914),  New Norcia became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An  increased focus on education and artistic pursuits led to the  establishment of two schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s  buildings. St Ildephonsus opened in 1913 as a boarding school for boys.  It was staffed by Marist Brothers until 1965, when the Benedictines took  over. The school closed in 1991 and is now used primarily as a venue  for school camps.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For more information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>McEwan, Joanne</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>7 January 2011</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7526">
                <text>No Copyright</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital Photograph</text>
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        <name>Altar</name>
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        <name>Catholic Church</name>
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        <name>Catholic college</name>
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        <name>chapel</name>
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        <name>De virginitate sanctae mariae</name>
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        <name>Marist Brothers</name>
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