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                <text>&lt;p&gt;A photograph from c. 1911 of a large crowd lining Argent Street in Broken Hill to watch a Labor Day procession of men carrying union banners.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Union banners have a medieval predecessor in the banners used by guilds (an association of craftsmen in the same trade), with each guild having a banner to show their trade. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                <text>Knights of Labor, Labor songs, sabre, Eight Hour Day, eight hours, union, unionism, Trade Union, Trade Unionism, labour, labourer, work, worker, working class, unions, Felix McLaren</text>
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                <text>Working or labour songs were a feature of nineteenth century (and later) union gatherings and processions. The songs and communal singing evoke peasant or folk traditions. The song gives the workers the high-ground because they resort to moral rather than bellicose means to gain the Eight Hours Day. They are proud to declare they did not shed blood for their â€˜crownâ€™.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Transliteration from Trove [HH]&#13;
&#13;
All hail to the Knights of Labor!&#13;
All hail to the Eight Hours Day!&#13;
Far better than wielding the sabre,&#13;
Is your peaceful and grand display.&#13;
Your banners float proudly over&#13;
To tell how your cause was won&#13;
Since the time when your day would cover&#13;
From rising to setting sun.&#13;
&#13;
But do not forget you have brothers&#13;
Who toll in the midnightâ€™s gloom,&#13;
Or sisters, perchance, or others&#13;
Who are wasting their youthful bloom;&#13;
Who sweat when they world is sleeping,&#13;
To win starvationâ€™s meat,&#13;
With no relief save weeping â€“ &#13;
Their lot is hard indeed.&#13;
&#13;
All hail to our glorious Union!&#13;
Success to the A.M.A.!&#13;
That fought like brave and true men&#13;
Till they gained the Eight Hours Day.&#13;
No sanguine conflict marred the strife, &#13;
â€˜Twas moral force alone&#13;
That gained the glorious victory&#13;
That might adorn a throne.&#13;
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                <text>5 October 1898</text>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>Geelong Trades Hall Front View â€˜Labor Omnia Vincitâ€™&#13;
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                <text>Labor, Labor Omnia vincit, Knights of Labor, labour, labourer, knight, knights, work, working class, Geelong Trades Hall Building, Latin mottoes, union, unionism, Trade Union, Trade Unionism, trade, unions</text>
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                <text>â€˜Labor Omnia Vincitâ€™ (work conquers everything) is a historically significant slogan associated with the American and English labour movements. It was also the motto of the Knights of Labour, a group started in the 1860s in America. The Knights of Labor had members in Australia in the late nineteenth century. Geelong (Vic.) Trades Hall adopted the slogan as its motto and inscribed it on their building. A large number of Australian schools have also taken the slogan as their school code.</text>
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        <name>Trade Union</name>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Newspaper illustration:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://nishi.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-04/t1-g-t1.html#n17" target="_blank"&gt;http://nishi.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-04/t1-g-t1.html#n17&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://nishi.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-04/fig-latrobe-04-081a.html"&gt;http://nishi.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-04/fig-latrobe-04-081a.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>This illustration  portrays the great fear of the establishment in the late nineteenth century in Australia, an organised workforce. Union organisation and affiliation and the strengthening of fraternities and friendly societies appeared to create a monster. King Working-Man, with tin crown emboldened with the symbol of the eight-hour movement on it, with working manâ€™s garb and hobnailed boots, lounges on his humble wooden throne clasping a sceptre. Premier Gilles is his attendant while wool, timber, shipping and sugar magnates grovel at his feet.&#13;
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>poss. â€˜Tomâ€™ Carrington (Francis Thomas Dean Carrington)</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Punch Magazine, Melbourne</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>18 August 1887</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="15881">
                <text>Public Domain</text>
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        <name>worker</name>
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        <name>working class</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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      <name>Hyperlink</name>
      <description>Title, URL, Description or annotation.</description>
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          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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              <text>Print: Wood Engraving</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="16113">
              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.slv.vic.gov.au/miscpics/gid/slv-pic-aab19739/1/mp007581"&gt;http://www.slv.vic.gov.au/miscpics/gid/slv-pic-aab19739/1/mp007581&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Anniversary of the Establishment of the Eight Hour Day</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>eight hour day, Labour Day, labour, work, working class, trade union, union, unionism, Millers Union, Amalgamated Millers Union of Victoria, banner, sketch, engraving, Elizabethan Tableau, Tobannonists Tableau, anniversary</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A wood engraving by an artist for the Victorian Millers' Union which commemorates the 35th anniversary of the establishment of the eight hour working day in Victoria. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>The Amalgamated Millers Association of Victoria</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>State Library of Victoria</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>01 May 1891</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16110">
                <text>State Library of Victoria</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>Hyperlink; Print: Wood Engraving</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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        <name>Millers Union</name>
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        <name>Tobannonists Tableau</name>
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        <name>Trade Union</name>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10462/deriv/145853"&gt;http://hdl.handle.net/10462/deriv/145853&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Eight Hour Day Parade in Brisbane, 1912</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>parade, procession, trade union, trade unionism, union, unionism, labour, work, working class, Labour Day, Labor, banner</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Photograph portraying a 1912 parade celebrating the Eight Hour Day. Trade unionists are in the parade showing their support by bearing a medieval inspired banner. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds.</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16083">
                <text>State Library of Queensland</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16084">
                <text>Hyperlink; Photograph</text>
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      <tag tagId="504">
        <name>Labor</name>
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        <name>labour</name>
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        <name>Labour Day</name>
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        <name>Trade Union</name>
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        <name>trade unionism</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34455">
                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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            </element>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Document</name>
      <description>A resource containing textual data.  Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14354">
                <text>The Procession</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14355">
                <text>Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners, armor, armour, bands, banner, Bricklayers, eight hour, guild, knight, Labour Day, labour pageant, pageantry, parade, procession, labourer, Masons, medieval guild, Melbourne, Tinsmiths, trade union, United Society of Painters, Paperhangers and Decorators, trade unionism, union, unionism, VIC, Victoria, worker, working class </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14356">
                <text>This article from The Argus newspaper provides a report of an Eight Hours procession through the streets of Melbourne in 1887, during which at least 50 different trades were represented. It makes note of the increasing size and elaborateness of the trade society banners being displayed, and describes in detail four banners that were featured in the parade for the first time. These were the banners of the Masons, the Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners, the Bricklayersâ€™ Society and the United Society of Painters, Paperhangers, and Decorators. Union banners have a medieval predecessor in the banners displayed by guilds (an association of craftsmen in the same trade), whereby each guild had a banner to identify their trade. Some historians consider trade unions to be the successors of medieval guilds. The author of this article also points out that several of the trades made efforts to demonstrate their handicrafts during the procession, with the Tinsmiths in particular parading two knights outfitted in suits of armour.  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14357">
                <text>Unkown</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14358">
                <text>National Library of Australia: &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7943706" target="_blank"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7943706&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14359">
                <text>The Argus</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14360">
                <text>22 April 1887</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14361">
                <text>Out of Copyright</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14362">
                <text>Newspaper Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="3654">
        <name>Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3393">
        <name>Armor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="153">
        <name>Armour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3651">
        <name>bands</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="158">
        <name>banner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3653">
        <name>Bricklayers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="91">
        <name>eight hour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>guild</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="96">
        <name>knight</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="503">
        <name>Labour Day</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="97">
        <name>labour parade</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1154">
        <name>labourer</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="370">
        <name>Masons</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1833">
        <name>medieval guilds</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="104">
        <name>Melbourne</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2420">
        <name>pageant</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2094">
        <name>pageantry</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="157">
        <name>procession</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2121">
        <name>street parade</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="124">
        <name>The Argus</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3652">
        <name>Tinsmiths</name>
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      <tag tagId="3650">
        <name>trade society</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="499">
        <name>Trade Union</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="500">
        <name>trade unionism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="501">
        <name>union</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="462">
        <name>unionism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3655">
        <name>United Society of Painters Paperhangers and Decorators</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2984">
        <name>Vic</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="890">
        <name>Victoria</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="129">
        <name>worker</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="502">
        <name>working class</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
