<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/browse/tag/state+politics?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-04-08T23:38:49+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>8</perPage>
      <totalResults>2</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="1014" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1040">
        <src>https://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/601b08ca78e01a5dab5005ce22bc97b0.jpg</src>
        <authentication>c3e86d64e42a281cc480b8791f865d52</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="24684">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="24685">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="24688">
                    <text>3505</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="24689">
                    <text>2082</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="6">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34460">
                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34461">
                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24699">
                <text>&amp;lsquo;A Ro-Me-Owe and Jew-Liet Revival (New Reading)&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, 17 November 1904</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24700">
                <text>Balcony scene, &lt;em&gt;Bulletin&lt;/em&gt; cartoons, economy, Her Majesty&amp;rsquo;s Theatre, I.O.U., James C. Williamson (1845-1913), Livingston Hopkins aka &amp;lsquo;Hop&amp;rsquo; (1846-1927), loan, Miss Tittell Brune (1875-1974), New South Wales, NSW State loans, Romeo and Juliet, satire, Sir Joseph Carruthers (1856-1932), state politics, &lt;em&gt;Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt;, William Shakespeare (c.1564-1616), usury.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24701">
                <text>&amp;lsquo;Hop&amp;rsquo; produced this &lt;em&gt;Bulletin&lt;/em&gt; cartoon at a time when J. C. Williamson&amp;rsquo;s theatre company was staging William Shakespeare&amp;rsquo;s &amp;lsquo;Romeo and Juliet&amp;rsquo; at Her Majesty&amp;rsquo;s Theatre in Sydney. The popular young American actress Miss Tittell Brune was in the starring role, with Mr R. A. Greenaway as Romeo and Mr Roy Redgrave (patriarch of the famous English acting family) as Mercutio (See &lt;em&gt;The Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt;, Nov 12, 1904, p. 2. &lt;a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/page/1329960?" target="_blank"&gt;http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/page/1329960?&lt;/a&gt;) Judging from reviews written at the time, Miss Brune&amp;rsquo;s &amp;ldquo;charming&amp;rdquo; balcony performance was hugely successful (See, for example, &lt;em&gt;The Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt;, Nov 16, 1904, p. 2. &lt;a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/page/1330003?" target="_blank"&gt;http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/page/1330003?&lt;/a&gt;). So, Hop&amp;rsquo;s cartoon was not only timely but also bound to raise a laugh or a smile of recognition from Sydney theatre-goers. The NSW government was barely into its fifth month of office, and Sir Joseph Carruthers &amp;minus; who was both premier and treasurer &amp;minus; had inherited the difficult task of dealing with accumulated State debts. &lt;em&gt;The Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt; calculated that NSW owed around &amp;pound;4,310,000, to be paid-off over thirty years (&lt;em&gt;The Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt;, October 10, 1904, p. 6. &lt;a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/page/1329596?" target="_blank"&gt;http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/page/1329596?&lt;/a&gt;). Subsequently, Hop depicts premier Carruthers fawning and gesticulating to a bored and stereotypically Jewish financier. In the background, three spheres suspended in the night sky represent usury. Hop&amp;rsquo;s critique of the NSW economy is clearly designed to keep the matter firmly under continuous (and sceptical) public scrutiny.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24702">
                <text>Livingston Hopkins (â€˜Hopâ€™)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24703">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24704">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24705">
                <text>17 November 1904, Cover</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24706">
                <text>Public Domain</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24707">
                <text>Journal (Microfilm)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="5192">
        <name>Balcony scene</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5193">
        <name>Bulletin cartoons</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4512">
        <name>economy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5194">
        <name>Her Majestyâ€™s Theatre</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5195">
        <name>I.O.U.</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5196">
        <name>James C. Williamson (1845-1913)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5197">
        <name>Livingston Hopkins aka â€˜Hopâ€™ (1846-1927)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5198">
        <name>loan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5199">
        <name>Miss Tittell Brune (1875-1974)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="106">
        <name>New South Wales</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5200">
        <name>NSW State loans</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4175">
        <name>Romeo and Juliet</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1656">
        <name>satire</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5201">
        <name>Sir Joseph Carruthers (1856-1932)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5071">
        <name>state politics</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="121">
        <name>Sydney Morning Herald</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5202">
        <name>usury</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5080">
        <name>William Shakespeare (c.1564-1616)</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="980" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1006">
        <src>https://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/a8742398a9e4c597f090120eff525f80.jpg</src>
        <authentication>794ad680ec018e9449c230cd681de0b5</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="5">
            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
            <description>The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.</description>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="74">
                <name>Bit Depth</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="23547">
                    <text>8</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="75">
                <name>Channels</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="23548">
                    <text>3</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="73">
                <name>Height</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="23551">
                    <text>3497</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
              <element elementId="72">
                <name>Width</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="23552">
                    <text>1840</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="6">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34460">
                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34461">
                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="23570">
              <text>Microfilm</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23562">
                <text>&amp;lsquo;Parkes and the Templars&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, 3 September 1887</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23563">
                <text>alcohol, Bulletin, drunkenness, I.O.G.T., New South Wales, NSW, piety, pledge, poem, politics, Sir Henry Parkes (1815-1896), state politics, temperance, Templars. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23564">
                <text>This poem has links with medievalism through its reference to &amp;lsquo;the Templars&amp;rsquo;. However, the Templars to whom it refers are not the famous medieval order of crusading knights but rather the crusading nineteenth-century temperance society, the I.O.G.T. The anonymous writer accuses Sir Henry Parkes (P-RK-S) of joining with, or rather of making use of, the temperance league for vested political interests. Presumably, the wily NSW premier was being accused of securing temperance votes by any means possible; including offering false &amp;lsquo;pledges.&amp;rsquo; At the time, Parkes was into his fourth premiership, which he secured on a Free Trade ticket. He later managed to attain the office for a fifth time, equalling the accomplishment of his old rival Sir John Robertson. It is unlikely that Parkes ever seriously entertained the idea of enforcing temperance on the colony; he was too canny and his own fondness for champagne was too well known (see A. W. Martin, 'Parkes, Sir Henry (1815&amp;ndash;1896)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, &lt;a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/parkes-sir-henry-4366" target="_blank"&gt;http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/parkes-sir-henry-4366&lt;/a&gt;). He did, however, &amp;ldquo;regulate the liquor trade&amp;rdquo; in 1881, which pleased the temperance groups momentarily. The final stanza of the poem announces &amp;ldquo;When all the world is turned teetotal / Then P----s will leave the pleasant bottle, / But that&amp;rsquo;s in dim hereafter.&amp;rdquo; The anonymous Bulletin contributor also upbraids Sir Henry (and presumably politicians in general) for failing to maintain and justify &amp;lsquo;broken&amp;rsquo; political pledges, for reasons only hinted at here.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23565">
                <text>Anonymous</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23566">
                <text>The Bulletin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23567">
                <text>The Bulletin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23568">
                <text>3 September 1887, p.8</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23569">
                <text>Public Domain</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="2170">
        <name>alcohol</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5068">
        <name>Bulletin</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4953">
        <name>drunkenness</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4952">
        <name>I.O.G.T.</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="106">
        <name>New South Wales</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="338">
        <name>NSW</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3868">
        <name>piety</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5069">
        <name>pledge</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1595">
        <name>poem</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1978">
        <name>politics</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5070">
        <name>Sir Henry Parkes (1815-1896)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5071">
        <name>state politics</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4957">
        <name>temperance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5072">
        <name>Templars</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
