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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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                <text>This interest piece from &lt;em&gt;The West Australian&lt;/em&gt; in 1953 discusses the symbolic use of animals in roman legends and medieval fables, and their anthropomorphic investment with human characteristics. Using an incident in New South Wales where a circus tiger wandered into a neighbouring house and licked a sleeping child as their impetus, the author claims that animal stories have been popular since the days of Aesop. Amongst other examples, they note that in medieval stories about Reynard the Fox, he was usually depicted as a genial, roguish hero, and that the writers of medieval romances regularly employed the lion to symbolise courage and honour.</text>
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                <text>C. R. Collins </text>
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                <text>National library of Australia: &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49605228" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49605228&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;The Old Squire&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, 28 May 1908</text>
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                <text>â€˜As it is in the Days of Now,â€™ Black Death, conquest, despotism, famine, Henry Lawson (1867-1922), honour, ingratitude, justice, king, knight, knighthood, loyalty, neglect, noble, pestilence, plague, Old Swithin, rescue, service, sickness, siege, Sir William, squire, Swithin, sword, Virland (Old Estonia).</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, which was resolutely &amp;ldquo;anti-imperialist&amp;rdquo; in its outlook, published a range of verses, ballads and other &amp;ldquo;poems in which the Middle Ages were represented as despotic and barbaric&amp;rdquo; (Louise D&amp;rsquo;Arcens, &lt;em&gt;Old Songs in the Timeless Land: Medievalism in Australian Literature 1840-1910&lt;/em&gt;, Turnhout, Brepols, 2011, p.143). While &amp;lsquo;The Old Squire&amp;rsquo; doesn&amp;rsquo;t do this explicitly, it is undeniably a &amp;ldquo;tale of faithful service unrewarded&amp;rdquo; (D&amp;rsquo;Arcens, p.144). Here we again follow the adventures of Sir William, Henry Lawson&amp;rsquo;s cuckolded knight from &amp;lsquo;As it is in the Days of Now&amp;rsquo; (See &lt;a href="http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1020" target="_self"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1020&lt;/a&gt;). Sir William, his squire, the King and the narrator ride into Virland with the intention of conquering the City, only to find the inhabitants suffering in the throes of the Black Death. Sir William is portrayed in the poem as arrogant and thoughtless for failing to appreciate the longstanding and faithful service of his squire, Old Swithin. After dutifully clearing out the dead from the City, Swithin collapses after trying to rescue a child from plague infested quarters. He is portrayed as noble in character but, unjustly, not in name; instead, &amp;lsquo;His heart was ever pained, / because of that old knighthood / that he should once have gained&amp;rsquo;. When his worth is finally recognised and the King attempts to knight him at the end of the poem, it is too late for he is already dead. While not an outright attack on all authority, this poem &amp;ldquo;implicitly condemns aristocratic arrogance and the [...] inequity of the feudal system&amp;rdquo; (D&amp;rsquo;Arcens, p.144).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1020"&gt;http://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/items/show/1020&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;Because of her Father&amp;rsquo;s Blood&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, 25 June 1908</text>
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                <text>â€˜As It Is in the Days of Now,â€™ â€˜The Old Squire,â€™ ancestry, bravery, courage, Dame Ruth, forebears, Henry Lawson (1867-1922), knight, loyalty, outlaws, poem, Sir William series, war. </text>
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                <text>Henry Lawson produced several interrelated medieval poems c. 1908 which &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt; published. &amp;lsquo;Because of her Father&amp;rsquo;s Blood&amp;rsquo; is the third poem of the Sir William series. While the knight is away crusading his aunt, Dame Ruth, is left to keep things in good order at home. This is a poignantly nostalgic poem of courage arising from dire and severe need, wherein an elderly lady and a handful of domestic servants keep a large and rapacious band of outlaws at bay &amp;lsquo;against all the odds.&amp;rsquo; There is something to be said, it seems, for resolute and purposeful determination under duress. That is the core message here, where ordinary men and women - domestics, scullions and grooms, none of them martial or overly brave - combine together under the considerable will and fierce determination of Dame Ruth, and heroic deeds are enacted as a result. Looking to her illustrious forebears provides the catalyst for Dame Ruth&amp;rsquo;s heroism and bravery: &amp;ldquo;For a fearsome mistress she was to serve, / Because of her father&amp;rsquo;s blood.&amp;rdquo; And, extending and applying this &amp;lsquo;medievalist&amp;rsquo; performative metaphor to the national cause, loyalty and bravery are strongly emblematic of Australia&amp;rsquo;s attitude towards and defence of the British Empire in its foreign wars.</text>
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                <text>Henry Lawson</text>
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                <text>The Bulletin</text>
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                <text>The Bulletin</text>
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                <text>25 June 1908, p.43</text>
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                <text>Public Domain</text>
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        <name>â€˜As it is in the Days of Now</name>
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        <name>â€™ â€˜The Old Squire</name>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Newspaper Article: National Library of Australia, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri; color: #0000ff; font-size: small;"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>A Bereaved Empire</text>
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                <text>Augustus, Augustus (63BC-19AD), bereavement, British Empire, corn laws, Darius (550-486BC), death, democracy, emancipation, Empire, enfranchisement, free press, free schools, grief, invention, Louis XIV (1638-1715), loyalty, medieval proclamation, monarch, monarchy, mourning, nation, Queen Elizabeth (r.1558-1603), Queen Victoria (r.1837-1901), political equality, progress, railway, reform, republic, republicanism, royalty, science, sovereign, steamer, telegraph, triumph</text>
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                <text>In this article upon the death of Queen Victoria (on 22 January 1901), her reign is described as a period in which â€œwe took a sudden step from medieval darkness to the metaphorically blinding brilliancy of the dawn of the twentieth centuryâ€. Citing the expansion of Empire, the extension of the franchise, the invention of railway, telegraph and the steamship and the establishment of free schools as examples of progress, the article suggests that the legacy of the Victorian era will surpass that of all others, including Augustus, Louis XIV and Elizabeth I, for its combination of intellectual splendour, artistic brilliance and political development. Under Victoria, the author suggests, Britain had become a republic in all but name, because in a break from tradition she was â€œthe Queen of the people, not of Peers and Aristocrats; the Queen of the cottage, and not of the Castleâ€. This shift and the growth of public affection that accompanied it is highlighted by the author in the suggestion that an adaptation of the traditional proclamation â€œThe King is Dead, Long Live the Kingâ€, in use since the medieval period to signify the immediate transfer of sovereignty onto the heir, was unthinkable because her beloved subjects needed time to mourn.  </text>
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                <text>Anon.</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;National Library of Australia, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri; color: #0000ff; font-size: small;"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>27 January 1901, p. 6.</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
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