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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>A photograph of domestic architecture in Unley Park, South Australia, featuring crenellation and false machiolation. Crenellation is an architectural feature that was commonly employed in the design of medieval castles and military structures. Cut into the parapets, crenels created alternating openings through which weapons could be fired (embrasures) and raised sections of stone (merlons) to protect shooters from oncoming fire and obscure their visibility. Machiolations were created when the parapet protruded out from the castle wall and holes were cut into the floor. Also a defensive measure, machiolation allowed occupants to fire down on the enemy, and also track their movements. Here, however, these features have been incorporated simply for their decorative effect.</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>In this article from a regular childrenâ€™s column in the Sunday Times called â€œThe Girls and Boys Clubâ€, a standard and idealised description of medieval manor houses is provided. According to the author, a fifteenth-century manor house was a grand residence that featured a great hall, a huge kitchen with adjoining pantry and buttery, a large dining-room, a private chapel, an aviary, a tower, courtyards and beautifully landscaped gardens. It was presided over by a lord and is described as a â€˜little townâ€™ because it housed hundreds of people. An interesting but unexplained comment towards the end of the article also suggests that manor houses had underground tunnels because in the â€˜bad old daysâ€™ of the medieval period, the Lord of the manor â€˜was likely to make enemies almost overnight, through no fault of his ownâ€™.</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>Fremantle Prison Gatehouse, Fremantle, Western Australia</text>
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                <text>Architecture, capital punishment, conservation, Considine &amp; Griffiths Architects, architect, convict, Convict Establishment, convict labour, Edmund Henderson, Edward I of England (1239-1307), fortification, Fremantle, Fremantle Prison, gate, gatehouse, limestone, maximum security, medieval castle, medieval warfare, penal establishment, prison, stonework, Swan River Colony, towers, transportation, WA, Western Australia</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;A view of the Fremantle Prison Gatehouse in  Fremantle, Western Australia. The Gatehouse was constructed by convict  labour between 1854 and 1855. It was built according to the design of  Royal Engineer Edmund Henderson from limestone quarried on site.  Gatehouses consisting of two close towers with a gate positioned between  them were a common feature of medieval castles and walled cities,  especially during the reign of Edward I in England (1272-1307).  Gatehouses were deliberately designed to be large and imposing  structures, because their purpose was to protect the weakest point of a  fortified space - the entrance. A major restoration of the Fremantle  Prison Gatehouse took place in 2005 under the management of Considine  and Griffiths Architects. The stonework was conserved and all  non-original rendering was removed.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About Fremantle Prison:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Fremantle  Prison was originally named The Convict Establishment, then The  Colonial Convict Establishment. It was renamed Fremantle Prison in 1867.  The building of the prison commenced in 1852, following a British  government directive that the Swan River Colony was to be used as a  penal establishment and the arrival of the first ship of convicts in  June 1850. The prison was first occupied in May 1855. Control of the  prison was handed over to the colonial authorities in 1886, and the  gallows were added in 1888 (following the closure of the Perth Gaol in  1887). From then until capital punishment was abolished by an act of  State Parliament in 1984, Fremantle Prison was the only legal place of  execution in the colony and later the state. The prison was  decommissioned in 1991, when the remaining male inmates and staff were  transferred to the new maximum security prison at Casuarina. The Women&amp;rsquo;s  Division, added to the prison in 1889, had been disbanded in 1970 when  female prisoners were transferred to Bandyup Women&amp;rsquo;s Training Centre.  Since its closure, Fremantle Prison has been added to the State,  National and World Heritage Lists. For more information and a list of  recommended readings, see Fremantle Prison&amp;rsquo;s official website: &lt;a href="http://www.fremantleprison.com.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.fremantleprison.com.au&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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