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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>This work by English artist Arthur Hughes depicts the twelfth-century figure of Rosamund in the garden that King Henry II of England created for her at his royal residence in Oxfordshire. Rosamund was Henryâ€™s mistress. She was reputedly poisoned in 1176 by Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry's wife. Eleanor can be seen in the background of the painting discovering the entrance to the secret garden, which was only accessible by way of a maze. As Ted Gott et al suggest,the selection of flowers in the painting add important symbolism - blue foxgloves, a source of poison, line the queenâ€™s path, while purple irises are visible in the foreground. Irises were associated with the Greek Goddess Iris who chaperoned the souls of dead women to the Elysian Fields, and also with the fleur-de-lys, a symbol of the French crown. Eleanor of Aquitaine was the Queen of France from 1137-1152. (See Ted Gott et al, 19th Century Painting and Sculpture in the International Collections of the National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, National Gallery of Victoria, 2003, p.78).</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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&lt;p&gt;Image of the Jeanne d&amp;rsquo;Arc bronze statue at  the State Library of  Victoria in Melbourne. The statue is the work of  French sculptor  Emmanuel Fr&amp;eacute;miet, and is a cast of the 1899 version of  his Jeanne d&amp;rsquo;Arc  which stands in the Place des Pyramides in Paris.  Purchased in 1906 by  Bernard Hall, the Director of the National Gallery  of Victoria, with  funds from the Felton Bequest, it was installed at  the entrance to the  State Library of Victoria on 4 February 1907. The  sculpture depicts the  young Joan of Arc astride a war-horse, dressed in  her body-armour and  raising an oriflamme banner.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;About Joan of Arc:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Joan of Arc was born in 1412 in the French village of Domr&amp;eacute;my. From the   age of about 12, Joan had visions of saints and heard heavenly voices   that increasingly urged her to fight for France during the Hundred   Years&amp;rsquo; War. She travelled to the court of Charles De Ponthieu, the   Orl&amp;eacute;anist claimant to the throne, where she was provided with a suit of   armour and her distinctive banner depicting a golden fleur-de-lys. She   secured a decisive military victory to rescue the city of Orl&amp;eacute;ans from   the Earl of Salisbury&amp;rsquo;s English army in 1429, and was present at the   coronation of Charles VII. However, in May the following year Joan was   captured by Burgundian forces at Compi&amp;egrave;gne, and was handed over to the   English. She was tried at Rouen on charges of witchcraft and heresy, and   was condemned to death. On 30 May 1431, she was executed. Two and a   half decades later, the case was appealed and her conviction was   overturned. She was beatified in 1909 and canonised as a saint in 1920.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For more information about this statue and its background, see Ted  Gott,  &amp;lsquo;An Iron Maiden for Melbourne &amp;ndash; The History and Context of  Emmanuel  Fr&amp;eacute;miet&amp;rsquo;s 1906 Cast of Jeanne d&amp;rsquo;Arc&amp;rsquo;, The La Trobe Journal,  vol.81,  Autumn 2008, pp.53-68: &lt;a href="http://www3.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-81/t1-g-t5.html" target="_blank"&gt;http://www3.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-81/t1-g-t5.html&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>armour, banner, banners, battles, battle, Bernard Hall, bronze, Charles VII (r., Charles de Ponthieu (1403-1461), DomrÃ©my, Emmanuel FrÃ©miet (1824-1910), equestrian, execution, Felton Bequest, fleur-de-lys, Jeanne dâ€™Arc, Joan of Arc (1412-1431), La Pucelle, legend, maid of OrlÃ©ans, Melbourne, National Gallery of Victoria, oriflamme, OrlÃ©ans, Paris, pennant, Place des Pyramides, sculpture, State Library of Victoria, statue, Victoria, war, war-banner, war-horse, war horse, war banner</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Image of the Jeanne d&amp;rsquo;Arc bronze statue at the State Library of  Victoria in Melbourne. The statue is the work of French sculptor  Emmanuel Fr&amp;eacute;miet, and is a cast of the 1899 version of his Jeanne d&amp;rsquo;Arc  which stands in the Place des Pyramides in Paris. Purchased in 1906 by  Bernard Hall, the Director of the National Gallery of Victoria, with  funds from the Felton Bequest, it was installed at the entrance to the  State Library of Victoria on 4 February 1907. The sculpture depicts the  young Joan of Arc astride a war-horse, dressed in her body-armour and  raising an oriflamme banner.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;About Joan of Arc:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Joan of Arc was born in 1412 in the French village of Domr&amp;eacute;my. From the  age of about 12, Joan had visions of saints and heard heavenly voices  that increasingly urged her to fight for France during the Hundred  Years&amp;rsquo; War. She travelled to the court of Charles De Ponthieu, the  Orl&amp;eacute;anist claimant to the throne, where she was provided with a suit of  armour and her distinctive banner depicting a golden fleur-de-lys. She  secured a decisive military victory to rescue the city of Orl&amp;eacute;ans from  the Earl of Salisbury&amp;rsquo;s English army in 1429, and was present at the  coronation of Charles VII. However, in May the following year Joan was  captured by Burgundian forces at Compi&amp;egrave;gne, and was handed over to the  English. She was tried at Rouen on charges of witchcraft and heresy, and  was condemned to death. On 30 May 1431, she was executed. Two and a  half decades later, the case was appealed and her conviction was  overturned. She was beatified in 1909 and canonised as a saint in 1920.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For more information about this statue and its background, see Ted Gott,  &amp;lsquo;An Iron Maiden for Melbourne &amp;ndash; The History and Context of Emmanuel  Fr&amp;eacute;miet&amp;rsquo;s 1906 Cast of Jeanne d&amp;rsquo;Arc&amp;rsquo;, The La Trobe Journal, vol.81,  Autumn 2008, pp.53-68: &lt;a href="http://www3.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-81/t1-g-t5.html" target="_blank"&gt;http://www3.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-81/t1-g-t5.html&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8024">
                <text>McEwan, Joanne</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8025">
                <text>27 April 2011</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8026">
                <text>No Copyright</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="8027">
                <text>Digital Photograph</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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        <name>Armour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="158">
        <name>banner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="420">
        <name>banners</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="595">
        <name>battle</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2231">
        <name>battles</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2460">
        <name>Bernard Hall</name>
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      <tag tagId="1814">
        <name>bronze</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2462">
        <name>Charles de Ponthieu (1403-1461)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2461">
        <name>Charles VII (r.</name>
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      <tag tagId="2463">
        <name>DomrÃ©my</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2464">
        <name>Emmanuel FrÃ©miet (1824-1910)</name>
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        <name>equestrian</name>
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      <tag tagId="2044">
        <name>execution</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2466">
        <name>Felton Bequest</name>
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        <name>fleur-de-lys</name>
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        <name>Jeanne dâ€™Arc</name>
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        <name>Joan of Arc (1412-1431)</name>
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        <name>La Pucelle</name>
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        <name>legend</name>
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        <name>maid of OrlÃ©ans</name>
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        <name>Melbourne</name>
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        <name>National Gallery of Victoria</name>
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        <name>oriflamme</name>
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        <name>OrlÃ©ans</name>
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        <name>Paris</name>
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        <name>pennant</name>
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        <name>Place des Pyramides</name>
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        <name>sculpture</name>
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        <name>State Library of Victoria</name>
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      <tag tagId="1451">
        <name>statue</name>
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      <tag tagId="890">
        <name>Victoria</name>
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        <name>war</name>
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        <name>war banner</name>
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        <name>war horse</name>
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        <name>war-banner</name>
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        <name>war-horse</name>
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34460">
                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="34461">
                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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      <name>Hyperlink</name>
      <description>Title, URL, Description or annotation.</description>
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        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.ms-ms4568"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.ms-ms4568&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14657">
                <text>Journal of Arthur Bowes Smyth</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14658">
                <text>Arthur Bowes Smyth (1750-1790), convicts, drawing, early Australian journal, emblem, emblems, First Fleet, fleur-de-lys, fleur-de-lis, heraldic, heraldic badge, heraldic shield, heraldry, journal, Lady Penrhyn, manuscript, manuscript annotation, manuscript tracery text, personal writing, sketch, surgeon, transportation, travel.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14659">
                <text>A scanned copy of the journal of Arthur Bowes Smyth held by the National Library of Australia. Smyth was the surgeon responsible for the women convicts on the Lady Penrhyn in the First Fleet, from 22 March 1787 â€“ 8 August 1789. The journal contains a number of sketches, doodles and drawings of English emblems, some of which are medieval. For example, the drawings of fleur-de-lys. The second last page also contains a detailed image of a heraldic shield, redolent of medieval manuscript annotation. </text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14660">
                <text>Smyth, Arthur Bowes</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14661">
                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14662">
                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14663">
                <text>1787</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14664">
                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14665">
                <text>Hyperlink</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        <name>Arthur Bowes Smyth</name>
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      <tag tagId="986">
        <name>convicts</name>
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      <tag tagId="3503">
        <name>drawing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3499">
        <name>early Australian journal</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="740">
        <name>emblem</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3501">
        <name>emblems</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3507">
        <name>First Fleet</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3686">
        <name>fleur-de-lis</name>
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      <tag tagId="2467">
        <name>fleur-de-lys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3502">
        <name>heraldic</name>
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      <tag tagId="3498">
        <name>heraldic badge</name>
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      <tag tagId="2200">
        <name>heraldic shield</name>
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        <name>heraldry</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="327">
        <name>journal</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3509">
        <name>Lady Penrhyn</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>manuscript</name>
      </tag>
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        <name>manuscript annotation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3500">
        <name>manuscript tracery text</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3506">
        <name>personal writing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1015">
        <name>sketch</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3510">
        <name>surgeon</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="989">
        <name>transportation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3508">
        <name>travel</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
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