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                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="%20http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71036792" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71036792&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>'Are We Medieval?' &lt;em&gt;The Worker&lt;/em&gt;, 2 January 1904</text>
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                <text>Criticism, democracy, economy, guild, industrialisation, labour, legislation, medieval guilds, McKenzie, politics, Professor Thorold Rogers, progress,  trade, trade bosses, trade guilds, trade unionism, wages, workers, working conditions. </text>
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                <text>This article from Brisbane publication &lt;em&gt;The Worker&lt;/em&gt; rebukes derisive comments published by a London journalist mocking Australia&amp;rsquo;s legislation concerning workers as a reversion to medieval trade laws. Responding to McKenzie&amp;rsquo;s quip that &amp;lsquo;Under the guise of the most advanced democracy you are reverting to regulations which strongly resemble the rigid conditions and strict trade laws of medieval life&amp;rsquo;, the author of the article cites research arguing that medieval workers were comparatively better off than modern workers, and suggests that the old trade guilds only failed when they started admitting the bosses into their membership. With a swipe at the British economy and working conditions, the author concludes that Australian workers will not be frightened by medievalism if it means better conditions and more pay: &amp;lsquo;We who go back 2000 years for our religion have no need to be ashamed of reverting a few centuries to pick up an economic hint or two. We go backwards sometimes to progress&amp;rsquo;.</text>
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                <text>TROVE: National Library of Australia, &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71036792" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71036792&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>2 January 1904, p.3</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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                <text>â€˜The Rule of the Manyâ€™, The Bulletin, 15 November 1890.</text>
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                <text>Democracy, feudalism, inequality, natural law, merit, poem, privilege, wealth, workers rights</text>
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                <text>This poem provides a vigorous denunciation of â€œthe English caste systemâ€ and â€œcelebrates the decay of feudalism,â€ at least in the Australian rural locale (Louise D'Arcens, Old Songs in the Timeless Land: Medievalism in Australian Literature 1840-1910, Turnhout: Brepols, 2011, p. 143). It praises â€œmuscle and brainâ€ (merit) while condemning the undeserving ruling classes, who it refers to as â€œPampered idlersâ€. The point of the exercise is demonstrated in the lines: â€œKing, prince and lord are a useless load and must by that law abide! / No Parliament can alter that fact, / Or the march of mankind stay.â€ The law that this section of the poem acknowledges is simply the law of Nature, for no law of man can usurp natural law. Underpinning everything else is the firm belief that the â€˜fruits of the earthâ€™ (its wealth and resources) are made not just for a select and powerful minority, but for everyone equally. The inescapable conclusion of the poem is that with the removal of the medieval â€˜baggageâ€™ of the past, i.e. feudalism, nostalgia, overlordship and the monarchy, the earth will return to an extended period of serenity and  harmony under the sure-handed guidance of â€œthe Peopleâ€.</text>
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                <text>15 November 1890 (p. 17)</text>
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                <text>Public Domain</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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                <text>â€˜The Scaly Monsterâ€™</text>
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                <text>Alderman, â€˜Bloody Jack,â€™ boat, cartoon, democracy, E. Montague Scott (1835-1909), John McElhone (1833-1898), knight, NSW politics, political cartoon, politics, Sydney Municipal Council,  respectability</text>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;The Scaly Monster&amp;rsquo; drawing shows an unruffled &amp;lsquo;Bloody Jack&amp;rsquo; McElhone boarding a vessel embarking for England. This feisty Sydney alderman had a reputation for forthrightness and &amp;lsquo;fisticuffs,&amp;rsquo; which was not always appreciated by others. He was once referred to by Daniel O&amp;rsquo;Connor as &amp;ldquo;&amp;lsquo;an illiterate mountebank,&amp;rsquo; &amp;lsquo;a commercial Shylock,&amp;rsquo; &amp;lsquo;an unscrupulous vulture,&amp;rsquo; and &amp;lsquo;a political Quilp&amp;rsquo;&amp;rdquo; (See Martha Rutledge, 'McElhone, John (1833&amp;ndash;1898)',Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, &lt;a href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcelhone-john-4087/text6529"&gt;http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcelhone-john-4087/text6529&lt;/a&gt;, accessed 11 June 2012). O&amp;rsquo;Connor had previously had a run-in with McElhone after calling him a &amp;ldquo;servile lickspittle&amp;rdquo;, for which he received a punch below the left eye. It is not entirely clear to whom or what &amp;lsquo;The Scaly Monster of the House&amp;rsquo; refers when he states, &amp;ldquo;I do not care two straws what the public think. I treat the whole matter with contempt&amp;rdquo;. It is probable that the cartoonist is merely highlighting the typical McElhone response to opposition of any kind. By all accounts he was well-used to causing indignation and political controversy. He was, however, essentially an honest man who frequently asked difficult questions of the government, and as a result &amp;ldquo;exposed many public wrongs&amp;rdquo; in the process. A bearded knight charging from behind may be Sir Henry Parkes, or it could be Sir John Robertson who also sported a luxuriant beard and flowing white locks. Either way, the &amp;lsquo;knight&amp;rsquo; is a representative &amp;ldquo;champion of democracy&amp;rdquo; (Marguerite Mahood,The Loaded Line: Australian Political Caricature 1788-1901,Carlton: Melbourne University Press, 1973, p.131), and a visible embodiment of political fairness and respectability.</text>
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                <text>3 May 1884 (p. 13)</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>The Bulletin</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Newspaper Article: National Library of Australia, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri; color: #0000ff; font-size: small;"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>A Bereaved Empire</text>
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                <text>Augustus, Augustus (63BC-19AD), bereavement, British Empire, corn laws, Darius (550-486BC), death, democracy, emancipation, Empire, enfranchisement, free press, free schools, grief, invention, Louis XIV (1638-1715), loyalty, medieval proclamation, monarch, monarchy, mourning, nation, Queen Elizabeth (r.1558-1603), Queen Victoria (r.1837-1901), political equality, progress, railway, reform, republic, republicanism, royalty, science, sovereign, steamer, telegraph, triumph</text>
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                <text>In this article upon the death of Queen Victoria (on 22 January 1901), her reign is described as a period in which â€œwe took a sudden step from medieval darkness to the metaphorically blinding brilliancy of the dawn of the twentieth centuryâ€. Citing the expansion of Empire, the extension of the franchise, the invention of railway, telegraph and the steamship and the establishment of free schools as examples of progress, the article suggests that the legacy of the Victorian era will surpass that of all others, including Augustus, Louis XIV and Elizabeth I, for its combination of intellectual splendour, artistic brilliance and political development. Under Victoria, the author suggests, Britain had become a republic in all but name, because in a break from tradition she was â€œthe Queen of the people, not of Peers and Aristocrats; the Queen of the cottage, and not of the Castleâ€. This shift and the growth of public affection that accompanied it is highlighted by the author in the suggestion that an adaptation of the traditional proclamation â€œThe King is Dead, Long Live the Kingâ€, in use since the medieval period to signify the immediate transfer of sovereignty onto the heir, was unthinkable because her beloved subjects needed time to mourn.  </text>
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                <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;National Library of Australia, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri; color: #0000ff; font-size: small;"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32723401&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>27 January 1901, p. 6.</text>
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