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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The City of Sydney Archives digital photograph bank: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;a href="http://photosau.com.au/Cos/scripts/home.asp" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Times New Roman;"&gt;http://photosau.com.au/Cos/scripts/home.asp&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Type: &amp;lsquo;stained glass&amp;rsquo; into the Search box, then &amp;lsquo;click&amp;rsquo; Search&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
View: Image 5 &amp;ndash; 006121 (click to enlarge).</text>
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                <text>The â€˜Australiaâ€™ window; or â€˜Oceaniaâ€™ in the Sydney Town Hall</text>
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                <text>Allegory, centenary, colony, Goodlet &amp; Smith, lantern, Lucien Henry, nationalism, neo-romanesque, New South Wales, Norman Revival, NSW, patriotism, Romanesque, Southern Cross, stained glass, Sydney, Sydney Town Hall, symbolism, trident, Union Jack, window</text>
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                <text>One of two neo-romanesque with rounded heads and stylised borders designed by Frenchman Lucian Henry and manufactured by Goodlet &amp; Smith for the Sydney Town Hall auditorium, at a time when national fervour was running high in the late nineteenth century. These windows are reminiscent of Romanesque or Norman figural windows dating from the eleventh century. A tall allegorical figure, which doubtless personifies the colony of NSW, wears a helmet of ramâ€™s horns encircled by the sunâ€™s rays. She carries a minerâ€™s lantern and a trident. The figure is draped in the Union Jack, and framed by four white stars on blue grounds in the shape of the Southern Cross. The fifth star is placed upon the womanâ€™s forehead. Symbolism of this type has decidedly classical and also medieval precedents (See James Hall, Dictionary of Subjects and Symbols in Art, 2nd Edition, Boulder, Westview Press, 2008, p.316). The woman stands astride the globe, which is inscribed with her name. The central window is flanked by decorative (and recognisably) Australian floral sidelights adorned with the words â€˜Advance Australiaâ€™ and the dates of the centenary (1788-1888). This â€˜Australiaâ€™ window is one of two inspirational Lucien Henry stair windows installed to celebrate Sydneyâ€™s centenary and to promote the developing national identity narrative.</text>
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                <text>Lucien Henry (designer)&#13;
Goodlet &amp; Smith (manufacturers)</text>
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                <text>Sydney, 1887-88 (windows)&#13;
Sydney, c. 1989 (photograph)</text>
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                <text>Â© City of Sydney Archives</text>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>A digital text sponsored by the University of Sydney Library, 2003</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks06/0607421h.html#s1"&gt;http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks06/0607421h.html#s1&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>A Voyage to Botany Bay, With a Description of the Country, Manners, Customs, Religion &amp;c. of the Natives.</text>
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                <text>George Barrington (1755 - 1804), George Barrington, convict, convicts, deportation, convict deportation, transportation, theft, attempted theft, crime, criminal, diamonds, Order of the Garter, Knights of the Garter, Australian custom, Australian customs, early Australia, early Australian customs, Botany Bay, Sydney, NSW, New South Wales, early settlement, colonisation, colonization, colonial, colonialism, colony</text>
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                <text>â€˜On page 9 of this text, an attempted theft of the diamonds of the Order of the Garter is detailed: On forming a connection with one Lowe, which was but a short time previous to that evening of the month of January, which is observed as the anniversary of the Queen's birth-day, it was resolved on between them, that, habited as a clergyman, Mr. Barrington should repair to Court, and there endeavour, not only to pick the pockets of some of the company, but, what was a much bolder, and a much more novel attempt, to cut off the diamond orders of some of the Knights of the Garter, Bath, and Thistle, who, on such days, usually wear the collars of their respective orders over their coats. In this enterprize he succeeded beyond the most sanguine expectations that could have been formed, by either his new accomplice Lowe or himself; for he found means to take the diamond order of Lord C--, with which he got away from St. James's perfectly unsuspected.'</text>
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                <text>Barrington, George</text>
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                <text>University of Sydney Library</text>
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                <text>London: C. Lowndes, 1795</text>
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                <text>University of Sydney Library, 2003</text>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>Newspaper Article:&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3754203" target="_blank"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3754203&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Post Office Orders</text>
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                <text>Bank, business, colony, commerce, commercialisation, Executive, Governor John Stephen Hampton, Henry VIII, legislation, mail, mail carts, â€œmedieval conditionâ€, medieval condition, monetary orders, money, Perth, post office, Western Australia.</text>
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                <text>In the second half of this article, the author draws attention to the positive response with which a plan to establish a system of post office orders in the Western Australian colony had been met. After conceding that there were two or three members of the Executive who opposed the plan on the grounds that it would be dangerous to transport cash on mail-carts, the author goes on to suggest that the real source of the opposition was the W. A. Bank, who did not want to relinquish monopoly on all financial and monetary matters in Western Australia. The author concludes that the proposed system is sorely needed to bring Western Australia into line with the other colonies for the purpose of conducting business, and denounces opposition by negatively linking it to a desire to dwell in the pre-modern past: â€œis the colony always to be kept in a medieval condition by men whose notions appear to be regulated by those which prevailed in the time of Henry the Eighth?â€ </text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia&lt;br /&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN"&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3754203" target="_blank"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3754203&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Perth Gazette and West Australian Times</text>
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                <text>21 October 1864, p. 2.</text>
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                <text>The Perth Gazette and West Australian Times</text>
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              <text>Newspaper Article&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32702148"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32702148&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>In this article, the author debates how Â£5000 earmarked for a Queenâ€™s Jubilee commemoration by the WA Legislative Council could be best spent. The author begins by outlining the three suggestions that had been put forward, namely the establishment of a public library, the building of a poor house that would euphemistically be called a â€œBenevolent Asylumâ€, or a festive gala for the colony with a banquet and fireworks. The author then goes to lengths to discount the utility of the gala idea, and the appropriateness and representative benefit of the reformatory idea, before suggesting that the building of a public library would best suit the occasion. For its capacity to humanise, cultivate and civilise, the article links the practice of reading with modernity and the Victorian ideals of progress and improvement. In doing so, it defines the Victorian â€˜spiritâ€™ in opposition to an â€˜otherâ€™, medieval past: â€œFrom the introduction of printing is dated the decay of medieval-ism and the rise of modern European progress. To the introduction of cheap and wholesome literature may the marvellous onward march of the Victorian era be chiefly attributed. How better can the Jubilee of that era be perpetuated than by founding an institution which embodies above all the spirit to which that success is due.â€</text>
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