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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.mysteriousaustralia.com/strangephenomenonh.html"&gt;http://www.mysteriousaustralia.com/strangephenomenonh.html&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>â€˜Vikings Visited Cairnsâ€™, Rex Gilroy, Psychic Australia </text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This article from &amp;lsquo;Psychic Australia&amp;rsquo; in March 1977 by Rex Gilroy claims that Norse/Scandinavian sailors visited the South Pacific and northern Australia. The article, &amp;lsquo;Vikings Visited Cairns&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;, is now freely available online on the Mysterious Australia website. The article includes various arguments for a Norse presence in the south Pacific, including swastika symbols found in rock and wood art in Java, Cambodia, Malaya, and Vietnam, the shape of war canoes in Fiji, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Tonga, and the physical appearance of some of the native inhabitants of New Guinea. Similar arguments are then applied to northern Australia, augmented by a comparison between northern-Australian Aboriginal religious beliefs and those of the Norse, such as the existence of a rainbow bridge (Bifr&amp;ouml;st in Old Norse texts) in both cultures, and spirits, or Valkyries, carrying off the dead after a battle. Gilroy also considers rock art near Cairns, Queensland, to show warriors dressed as Vikings in horned helmets. The author&amp;rsquo;s belief that Vikings wore horned and winged helmets, both of which became popularly associated with Vikings through the costumes used in Richard Wagner&amp;rsquo;s (1813-1883) Ring Cycle operas (although there is evidence for the ceremonial use of horned helmets in pre-Viking age Scandinavia), and the confusion in calling Wotan/O&amp;eth;in/Odin the thunder god instead of &amp;THORN;orr/Thor, allows for little confidence in the assertions of the article.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The article can be found at &lt;a href="http://www.mysteriousaustralia.com/strangephenomenonh.html"&gt;http://www.mysteriousaustralia.com/strangephenomenonh.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                <text>Copyright Â© 2006  - Uru Publications</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"&gt;This poster advertises two performances of Henry Purcell&amp;rsquo;s &amp;lsquo;King Arthur&amp;rsquo; by the Evandale Village Singers in late October 2012 at St Andrew&amp;rsquo;s Anglican Church in Evandale. Henry Purcell&amp;rsquo;s &amp;lsquo;King Arthur&amp;rsquo; is a Restoration-period opera set in the early medieval period with a libretto by John Dryden. It was first performed in 1691. The plot deals with Arthur, king of the Briton&amp;rsquo;s, and his battles against the incoming Saxons, which historically would have taken place in the fifth or sixth centuries. The text mentions the Anglo-Saxon deities Woden and&lt;br /&gt;Thor (Old English Thunor), as well as the Norse goddess Freya. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"&gt;The Evandale Village Singers are choir based in the northern Tasmanian town of Evandale who formed in 1999. For more see &lt;a href="http://www.anca.org.au/choir-view/1302"&gt;http://www.anca.org.au/choir-view/1302&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;Viking Song&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, 25 August 1910</text>
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                <text>anvil, Australian Navy, David McKee Wright (1869-1928), forge, National Defence, national pride, Norse mythology, Odin, politics, Thor, Thorâ€™s Hammer, Vikings. </text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;David McKee Wright draws inspiration from the journeys of the Vikings across the North Sea in this poetic martial &amp;lsquo;ditty&amp;rsquo; that brims with national pride:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Australia with her bright hair glowing&lt;br /&gt;Has her eye on the furrows of the deep &lt;br /&gt;[...] &lt;br /&gt;Clang, clang, clang on the anvil &lt;br /&gt;There are steel ships wanted on the sea!&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The reason for Wright&amp;rsquo;s show of enthusiasm was doubtless the creation of the Australian Navy in 1909. Billy Hughes told the &lt;em&gt;Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt; in 1910 that &amp;ldquo;Mr Deakin had taken Mr Watson&amp;rsquo;s scheme [c. 1905] and adorned it with that magnificent eloquence of his till it shone [...] But it was a thing in the clouds [...] The Fisher Government transformed it into iron and steel and guns&amp;rdquo; (See The &lt;em&gt;Sydney Morning Herald&lt;/em&gt;, Wednesday, 16 February 1910, pp. 9-10. &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15133137" target="_self"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15133137&lt;/a&gt;). When the fleet eventually arrived off Australian shores in October 1913, it was welcomed &amp;ldquo;By very large and demonstrative crowds [...] and fervently patriotic speeches were made at the welcoming banquet&amp;rdquo; (F. K. Crowley, &lt;em&gt;A New History of Australia&lt;/em&gt;, Richmond, William Heinemann, 1984, p.294). During the Federal electioneering of February 1910, the fleet featured large in the overall proceedings. The Deakin-Cook Fusion Party lost the 1910 election, but Australia still got its navy, and balladeers and patriots sang its praises.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25341">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>25 August 1910, p.3</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25343">
                <text>Public Domain</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        <name>anvil</name>
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      <tag tagId="1937">
        <name>Australian Navy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5294">
        <name>David McKee Wright (1869-1928)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5295">
        <name>forge</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5296">
        <name>National Defence</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5297">
        <name>national pride</name>
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      <tag tagId="2524">
        <name>Norse mythology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3173">
        <name>Odin</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1978">
        <name>politics</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3177">
        <name>Thor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5298">
        <name>Thorâ€™s Hammer</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;The Sagamen&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;, 2 May 1907</text>
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                <text>armour, battle-axe, conquest, dragon ship, Francis William Ophel (1871-1912), Freya, heroism, Iceland, Norns, Odin, paganism, runes, sagas, shields, Skaldic tales, spells, swords, Thor, Valhalla, Valkyrie, Vikings, violence, warriors.</text>
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                <text>&amp;lsquo;Prospect Good&amp;rsquo; was the nom de plume of the gold prospector, fossicker, and bush poet, Francis William Ophel. This poem, &amp;lsquo;The Sagamen,&amp;rsquo; is filled with vivid imagery drawn in the style of Old Icelandic sagas (Louise D&amp;rsquo;Arcens, &lt;em&gt;Old Songs in the Timeless Land: Medievalism in Australian Literature 1840-1910&lt;/em&gt;, Turnhout, Brepols, 2011, p.142). According to Ophel&amp;rsquo;s logic, the content of these Skaldic tales is no different from speeches and editorials designed to legitimize nineteenth-century imperial narratives; they cleverly subvert truth and disguise real-life events under a nuanced and textured layer of bravado and heroic deeds where violence is praised and overvalued. In contrast, Ophel&amp;rsquo;s is likely suggesting here that there is nothing glorious about slaughter, plunder, theft and rapine, and the over reliance on strong-arm tactics. Presumably the political rationale for this strategy is formed along the lines of: &amp;lsquo;they&amp;rsquo; did it &amp;lsquo;back then,&amp;rsquo; so it must be alright for &amp;lsquo;us&amp;rsquo; to emulate &amp;lsquo;now&amp;rsquo;; but Ophel, who realises that this reasoning is mendacious, states plainly and firmly in The Sagamen&amp;rsquo;s final couplet: &amp;ldquo;The naked truth is hidden / Beneath a web of words".</text>
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                <text>â€˜Prospect Goodâ€™ (Francis William Ophel)</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Bulletin&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>2 May 1907, p.43</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24905">
                <text>Public Domain</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24906">
                <text>Journal (Microfilm)</text>
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        <name>battle-axe</name>
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        <name>conquest</name>
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        <name>dragon ship</name>
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        <name>Francis William Ophel (1871-1912)</name>
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      <tag tagId="3171">
        <name>Freya</name>
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        <name>heroism</name>
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      <tag tagId="3279">
        <name>Iceland</name>
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      <tag tagId="5247">
        <name>Norns</name>
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      <tag tagId="3173">
        <name>Odin</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5248">
        <name>paganism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2164">
        <name>runes</name>
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        <name>sagas</name>
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        <name>shields</name>
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        <name>Skaldic tales</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5251">
        <name>spells</name>
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        <name>swords</name>
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        <name>Thor</name>
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        <name>Valhalla</name>
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        <name>Valkyrie</name>
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        <name>vikings</name>
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        <name>violence</name>
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                <name>Bit Depth</name>
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                    <text>8</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="17840">
              <text>Digital Photograph; JPEG</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17833">
                <text>Sea serpent roof ornament, Lyttleton Street, East Launceston, Tasmania</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17834">
                <text>architecture, domestic architecture, dragons, dragon, East Launceston, gargoyle, JÃ¶rmungandr, Launceston, Lyttleton Street, Midgard Serpent, Norse, Norse mythology, ornamentation, roof, Scandinavia, sea dragon, sea serpent, Tas, Tasmania, Thor, Viking, World Serpent</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>One of three photographs of domestic roof-top adornments in Lyttleton Street, East Launceston. The ornament on this roof creates a sea serpent effect, with its body coiling along the roof line and its head raised to look over the roof. Also known as a sea dragon, sea serpents, while appearing in classical literature, are particularly prevalent in Scandinavian culture. In Norse (Viking) mythology, the Midgard or World Sea Serpent, JÃ¶rmungandr, lives in the ocean that surrounds the world and is so large that it can encircle the world and grasp its own tail. A number of stone carvings exist in Scandinavia and northern England from the early medieval period showing the god Thor fishing for JÃ¶rmungandr. </text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17836">
                <text>Dorey, Margaret</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>2 December 2011</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17838">
                <text>No Copyright</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17839">
                <text>Digital Photograph; JPEG</text>
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        <name>architecture</name>
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      <tag tagId="3945">
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      <tag tagId="172">
        <name>dragon</name>
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      <tag tagId="2784">
        <name>dragons</name>
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      <tag tagId="3946">
        <name>East Launceston</name>
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      <tag tagId="205">
        <name>gargoyle</name>
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        <name>JÃ¶rmungandr</name>
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        <name>Launceston</name>
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      <tag tagId="3947">
        <name>Lyttleton Street</name>
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      <tag tagId="3951">
        <name>Midgard Serpent</name>
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      <tag tagId="2525">
        <name>Norse</name>
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      <tag tagId="2524">
        <name>Norse mythology</name>
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      <tag tagId="2888">
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        <name>roof</name>
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        <name>Scandinavia</name>
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        <name>sea dragon</name>
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        <name>sea serpent</name>
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        <name>Tas</name>
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  <item itemId="534" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medievalism on the Page</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This Collection examines literary medievalism from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. It traces an arc from the populist literary medievalism of the nineteenth century, through the more rarefied modernist turn of the mid-twentieth century, to the re-emergence of popular forms such as childrenâ€™s literature and fantasy since the 1980s. In this Collection you will find items relating to printed medievalist works and also to medievalism operating in print, for example in references to medieval events, people, and literature in nineteenth- and twentieth-century texts and dramatic works.</text>
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          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>â€œAlfred,â€ A Cantata, by E. Prout </text>
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                <text>Alfred the Great, Alswitha, Anglo-Saxon, Athelney, Battle of Ethandun, cantata, Danes, Ealhswith, England, Mr Grist, Guthrum, libretto, minstrel, music, New South Wales, Norse, NSW, performance, Ebenezer Prout, Raven banner, Redfern, Saxon, St. Paulâ€™s, Sydney, The Sydney Morning Herald, Thor, Valhalla, Viking, Wessex, Y.M.C.A.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This anonymous article in The Sydney Morning Herald on 30 November 1886 is a review of a musical performance about Alfred the Great. The cantata &amp;lsquo;Alfred&amp;rsquo; was composed by Ebenezer Prout with a libretto by Mr Grist. The piece is based around Alfred&amp;rsquo;s battle with the Viking great army and its leader Guthrum in 878 and opens with Alfred at Athelney, where he had been forced to take refuge with his wife Alswitha (Ealhswith) and men following a Viking attack on the royal estate at Chippenham. Alfred eventually enters the Viking camp disguised as a minstrel where he enters a singing competition with Guthrum, which he wins. During the competition Guthrum sings about the Norse god Thor and Alfred a song of love. Alfred and his men later defeat the Vikings at the battle of Ethandun and Guthrum and his followers become Christians. The performance was given to raise money for a new organ at St Paul&amp;rsquo;s, Redfern, and took place at the Y.M.C.A.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;The article can be found at &lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28351939" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28351939&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
The cantata is based on contemporary accounts about Alfred found in the &lt;em&gt;Anglo-Saxon Chronicle &lt;/em&gt;and Asser&amp;rsquo;s &lt;em&gt; Life of Alfred&lt;/em&gt;, but the story of him disguising himself as a minstrel to spy on the Viking camp is not found in these sources. It became a very popular tale in the nineteenth century, being the subject of various illustrations and mentioned in works of history.</text>
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                <text>An illustrated story on page 48? Of the Brisbane newspaper, The Queenslander, published on 23 November, 1907. The story by Jennie Hall is about a young Viking from Denmark named Olaf who, as the youngest son, has to â€˜go a-Vikingâ€™ (raiding) in order to accumulate wealth. He builds a ship with a dragon prow and leads a crew to Norway where they successfully raid along the coast. After forcing themselves upon a local farming household the Danes end up having a pleasant evening with the farmer and his family and reward them richly with gifts the following morning. The crew are then defeated in a naval battle by the fleet of king Halfdan and all die except Olaf who becomes a â€˜thrallâ€™ (servant) of Halfdan. The characters also invoke aspects Norse mythology, including Valhalla and the gods Odin and Thor. The story was taken from â€˜Prairie Farmerâ€™ and includes an illustration of the armed Vikings bursting into the farmhouse.</text>
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                <text>An article on page 4 of The Brisbane Courier newspaper on April 6, 1909. The article reports on an official welcome in Sydney Town Hall for returned Antarctic explorer Professor (Sir) Edgeworth David. In recounting the achievements of the expedition the anonymous author takes the opportunity to compare the adventures to earlier voyages of exploration by the Norsemen recounted in Sagas and Eddas. The article also manages to mention the Norse god Thor, noting that it was fortunate the his hammer did not â€˜descend in wrath and blizzardâ€™, allowing Professor David to return home and do â€˜honour both to science and the Empireâ€™.  </text>
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