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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/811/" target="_self"&gt;http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/811/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>"Requiescat" by Briton RiviÃ¨re</text>
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                <text>Armor, armour, art, bed, bloodhound, breastplate, burial rites, byrnie, chain mail, chainmail, coif, couter, cuisses, death, dog, epitaph, greaves, hauberk, helmet, hood, knight, mail, maille, pauldron, plate armour, poleyn, rerebrace, rest, shynbald, sabaton, soul, vambrace, wreath.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This oil on canvas painting by English artist Briton Rivi&amp;egrave;re was purchased by the Art Gallery of New South Wales (from the artist) in 1897-1898. Completed in 1888, it depicts an armoured medieval knight lying supine on top of a wooden bed and blue floral-patterned bedspread while a dog (usually identified as a bloodhound) gazes up at him. A wreath on the knight&amp;rsquo;s chest suggests that he is dead, as does the title of the painting: &amp;ldquo;Requiescat&amp;rdquo;. Based on the role of the requiem mass in Catholic burial rites, the term &amp;ldquo;requiescat&amp;rdquo; (which literally means "rest") refers to a prayer for the repose of the dead, as expressed in the common epitaph &amp;ldquo;rest in peace&amp;rdquo;. The knight in this painting is wearing a chain mail byrnie (or hauberk) and various pieces of plate armour, including a breastplate, pauldrons to protect the shoulders, rerebraces and vambraces on his arms, cuisses, poleyns and greaves on his legs and metal shoes known as sabatons. Plate armour began to replace mail armour from the fourteenth century.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For more on the artist, see Simon Reynolds, &amp;lsquo;Riviere, Briton (1840&amp;ndash;1920)&amp;rsquo;, &lt;em&gt;Oxford Dictionary of National Biography&lt;/em&gt;, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35766].&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Briton RiviÃ¨re (1840-1920)</text>
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                <text>The Art Gallery of New South Wales</text>
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                <text>The Art Gallery of New South Wales</text>
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                <text>1888</text>
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                <text>The Art Gallery of New South Wales</text>
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                <text>Oil on Canvas, 158.7cm x 225cm</text>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/8536/" target="_self"&gt;http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/8536/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>â€˜The Fight: St George Kills the Dragon VIâ€™ by Edward Burne-Jones</text>
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                <text>Aesthetic Pre-Raphaelitism, armor, armour, art, artwork, chivalric tradition, chivalry, damsel, dragon, gallantry, George, knight, legend, Myles Birket Foster, myth, New South Wales, NSW, Pre-Raphaelite, Princess Sabra, St George, sword, The Hill, Witley. </text>
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                <text>This oil on canvas painting by well-known nineteenth-century artist Edward Burne-Jones was gifted to the Art Gallery of New South Wales by Arthur Moon. It is one of seven paintings from a â€˜St George and the Dragonâ€™ narrative cycle that Burne-Jones was commissioned to produce in 1864 for the dining room of Myles Birket Fosterâ€™s house, The Hill, in Witley, Surrey. Completed in 1866, this is the sixth painting in the series. It depicts an armoured St George slaying a reptilian looking dragon, while a female figure wearing a flowing white gown and a wreath of flowers - Princess Sabra from the legend - clasps her hands and watches tentatively from the sidelines. The deadly threat posed by the dragon, and by extension the valour of the knight in quashing it, is evident from the skull and broken lance lying in the foreground of the painting. Although the legend of St George slaying the dragon is Eastern in origin, it is thought to have been taken back to England by medieval crusaders, where it was incorporated into the chivalric tradition. As the patron saint of England, a champion of Christianity, and an exemplar of chivalric masculinity, St George was a popular subject for Pre-Raphaelite artists such as Burne-Jones, and for the Victorian medieval revival more generally. </text>
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                <text>Edward Burne-Jones</text>
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                <text>The Art Gallery of New South Wales</text>
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                <text>1866</text>
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                <text>The Art Gallery of New South Wales</text>
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                <text>Oil on Canvas, 105.4cm x 130.8cm</text>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/raysalmanac/5605716834/in/photostream" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0000ff;"&gt;http://www.flickr.com/photos/raysalmanac/5605716834/in/photostream&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>â€˜St Georgeâ€™ Stained Glass Window, Tolarno Hotel, St Kilda</text>
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                <text>armour, armor, border, dragon, Ferguson &amp; Urie, knight, Melbourne, rose, Saint George, St. George, St George, saint, saints, St. Kilda, St Kilda, stained glass, staircase, Tolarno Hotel, Tudor rose, Union Jack, valour, VIC, Victoria</text>
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                <text>This elaborate staircase window in a converted St Kilda mansion is probably by Ferguson &amp; Urie and dated c.1884. The window depicts a red-cloaked and fully armoured St George standing on the head of a dragon. Images of St George and the Dragon were popular in the nineteenth century, with this appeal being especially aided by Sir Walter Scottâ€™s reawakening of popular notions of chivalry in his writings. The outer border contains red and white Tudor roses interspersed with green leaves on a blue ground, while the solid looking pillars hold small medallion-shaped imprints of the Union Jack. Overall, the window represents a calm â€˜manlyâ€™ Victorian assurance in the face of determined opposition. Such a window can be interpreted as â€œan expansive declaration of the values and â€¦ institutions inherited from Britainâ€ (Beverley Sherry, Australiaâ€™s Historic Stained Glass, Sydney, Murray Child, 1991, p.44). Although little information is available regarding the mansionâ€™s original owner, it is thought that the house was built for someone engaged in local politics. Thus, St George killing the dragon makes an ideal theme for a grand staircase window in a house where integrity and propriety must be readily observable.</text>
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                <text>Brown, Ray (Photographer)</text>
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                <text>11 February 2001 (image)</text>
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                <text>Â© Ray Brown </text>
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        <name>rose</name>
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        <name>saint</name>
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        <name>Saint George</name>
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        <name>saints</name>
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        <name>St George</name>
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        <name>St Kilda</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="505">
        <name>St. George</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4335">
        <name>St. Kilda</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="693">
        <name>stained glass</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4336">
        <name>staircase</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4337">
        <name>Tolarno Hotel</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4338">
        <name>Tudor Rose</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4318">
        <name>Union Jack</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4339">
        <name>valour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2984">
        <name>Vic</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="890">
        <name>Victoria</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medievalism on the Streets</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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          <name>URL</name>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://users.tpg.com.au/gpost/nemas08/index.html%20"&gt;http://users.tpg.com.au/gpost/nemas08/index.html &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>'Close Combat'</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18608">
                <text>Armidale, armor, armour, battle, beading, blacksmithing, blacksmith, brewing, chain mail, chainmail, combat, helmet, kettle hats, medieval crafts, medieval fair, NEMAS, New England Medieval Arts Society, New South Wales, Norman style helmet, NSW, pottery, re-enactment, reenactment, shield, spinning, sword, tanning, war, warfare, weaving, woodworking</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18609">
                <text>This is one of several â€˜battleâ€™ images from the NEMAS Easter Gathering in Armidale, NSW, in 2008. A number of medieval re-creation enthusiasts are engaged in close combat. They are armed with swords and what look to be mostly kite shields, and wear an assortment of different early medieval helmet styles. These include Norman style helmets with nasal bars and kettle hats. &#13;
The Gathering is a biannual assembly of re-enactment societies from Australasia traditionally hosted by the New England Medieval Arts Society Inc (or NEMAS). At these gatherings, members aim to recreate medieval arts and craft such as woodworking, blacksmithing, tanning, spinning and weaving, as well as arms and armour construction. The photo gallery depicts scenes of daily life: market stalls, people sitting around campfires, even a King and his attendants, as well as recreated battles. &#13;
</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18610">
                <text>Unknown photographer at event</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18611">
                <text>2008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18612">
                <text>Â© NEMAS 2011</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18613">
                <text>Hyperlink</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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    <tagContainer>
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        <name>Armidale</name>
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      <tag tagId="3393">
        <name>Armor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="153">
        <name>Armour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="595">
        <name>battle</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4277">
        <name>beading</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2370">
        <name>blacksmith</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4278">
        <name>blacksmithing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="706">
        <name>brewing</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2009">
        <name>chain mail</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="140">
        <name>chainmail</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2238">
        <name>combat</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1555">
        <name>helmet</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4279">
        <name>kettle hats</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4280">
        <name>medieval crafts</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4111">
        <name>medieval fair</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3983">
        <name>NEMAS</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3985">
        <name>New England Medieval Arts Society</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="106">
        <name>New South Wales</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4115">
        <name>Norman style helmet</name>
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        <name>NSW</name>
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      <tag tagId="4281">
        <name>pottery</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="173">
        <name>re-enactment</name>
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      <tag tagId="3943">
        <name>reenactment</name>
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      <tag tagId="723">
        <name>shield</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4282">
        <name>spinning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="363">
        <name>sword</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4283">
        <name>tanning</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1615">
        <name>war</name>
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      <tag tagId="757">
        <name>warfare</name>
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        <name>weaving</name>
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      <tag tagId="4284">
        <name>woodworking</name>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="34458">
                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34459">
                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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      <name>Hyperlink</name>
      <description>Title, URL, Description or annotation.</description>
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        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="18584">
              <text>&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/col/work/4068" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;"&gt;http://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/col/work/4068&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18576">
                <text>La Belle Dame sans merci, by Arthur Hughes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18577">
                <text>Alain Chartier, apparition, armor, armour, Arthur Hughes (1832-1915), Arthurian, ballad, chivalric, chivalry, courtly love, damsel, dream, faery child, fair lady, false promise, infatuation, John Keats, knight, La Belle Dame sans merci, maiden, medieval costume, poem, supernatural, unrequited love, VIC, Victoria</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18578">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;This painting by English artist Arthur Hughes was acquired by the National Gallery of Victoria in 1919 with funds from the Felton Bequest. It portrays a scene from&amp;nbsp;the well-known ballad of the same name penned in 1819 by Romantic poet John Keats. The poem is a tale of unrequited love featuring an Arthurian knight and a beautiful woman he meets in the woods. Described by Keats as a &amp;lsquo;faery&amp;rsquo;s child&amp;rsquo;, the woman woos the knight with songs, food&amp;nbsp;and promises of love, before taking him back to her elfin grot and lulling him to sleep. While asleep, however, he dreams of death-pale kings, princes and warriors crying &amp;ldquo;La Belle Dame sans merci/Thee hath in thrall!&amp;rdquo; before waking up alone on a cold hillside. In the painting, the infatuated knight is pictured in the woods shortly after he has met the beautiful woman and lifted her onto his horse. In the background, the apparitions of the pale figures he will later dream of are visible, trying to convey their warning in vain. Keats borrowed the title for his Arthurian ballad from a fifteenth-century courtly love poem by Alain Chartier.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;For a copy of Keats&amp;rsquo; &lt;em&gt;La Belle Dame sans merci&lt;/em&gt;, see &lt;a href="http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/173740" target="_blank"&gt; &lt;span style="color: #0000ff;"&gt;http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/173740&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18579">
                <text>Hughes, Arthur</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18580">
                <text>National Gallery of Victoria</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18581">
                <text>1863</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18582">
                <text>National Gallery of Victoria</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18583">
                <text>Oil on Canvas, 153.7 x 123cm;&#13;
Hyperlink</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="4256">
        <name>Alain Chartier</name>
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      <tag tagId="4257">
        <name>apparition</name>
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      <tag tagId="3393">
        <name>Armor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="153">
        <name>Armour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4194">
        <name>Arthur Hughes (1832-1915)</name>
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      <tag tagId="1164">
        <name>Arthurian</name>
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        <name>Ballad</name>
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      <tag tagId="3678">
        <name>chivalric</name>
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      <tag tagId="138">
        <name>chivalry</name>
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      <tag tagId="4259">
        <name>Courtly Love</name>
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      <tag tagId="3667">
        <name>damsel</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3671">
        <name>dream</name>
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      <tag tagId="4260">
        <name>faery child</name>
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      <tag tagId="4261">
        <name>fair lady</name>
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      <tag tagId="4262">
        <name>false promise</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4263">
        <name>infatuation</name>
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      <tag tagId="4264">
        <name>John Keats</name>
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        <name>knight</name>
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        <name>La Belle Dame sans merci</name>
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        <name>maiden</name>
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        <name>medieval costume</name>
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        <name>poem</name>
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        <name>supernatural</name>
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        <name>unrequited love</name>
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      <tag tagId="2984">
        <name>Vic</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="890">
        <name>Victoria</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Medievalism on the Streets</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="34455">
                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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      <name>Hyperlink</name>
      <description>Title, URL, Description or annotation.</description>
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        <element elementId="28">
          <name>URL</name>
          <description/>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/34094515@N00/2472389765/"&gt;http://www.flickr.com/photos/34094515@N00/2472389765/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18529">
                <text>Detail of a mounted Knightâ€™s leg at Ironfest</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18530">
                <text>armor, armour, body armour, caparison, combat, Full Tilt, greave, heraldry, horse, â€˜Ironfest,â€™ joust, jousting, kneecup, knight, Lithgow, New South Wales, NSW, plate armour, poleyns, re-enactment, reenactment, Richard Taylor</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18531">
                <text>This close-up image of a mounted knightâ€™s leg was taken at Ironfest in 2008 by the photographer Richard Taylor. It reveals a blend of contemporary customs and traditional workmanship, for modern re-enactments of jousting require utmost mobility with as little weight as possible. The horse, rather than being burdened by plate armour, is heavily padded and covered with an ornamental cloth trapper (or caparison) displaying the riders heraldry. The knight wears plates known as greaves to cover the legs, and rounded poleyns (c. 1350s) to protect the knees. The soft leather shoes are spurred, but not otherwise protected, which is unusual. However, this knight will not be required to dismount and fight on foot, so comfort probably took precedence over veracity in this instance. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18532">
                <text>Taylor, Richard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18533">
                <text>26 April 2008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18534">
                <text>Â© Richard Taylor. Some rights reserved dicktay2000</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="18535">
                <text>Hyperlink</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        </elementContainer>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="4242">
        <name>â€˜Ironfest</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4243">
        <name>â€™ joust</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3393">
        <name>Armor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="153">
        <name>Armour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2006">
        <name>body armour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4239">
        <name>caparison</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2238">
        <name>combat</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4240">
        <name>Full Tilt</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4241">
        <name>greave</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="362">
        <name>heraldry</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1256">
        <name>horse</name>
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      <tag tagId="2091">
        <name>jousting</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4244">
        <name>kneecup</name>
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      <tag tagId="96">
        <name>knight</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4245">
        <name>Lithgow</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="106">
        <name>New South Wales</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="338">
        <name>NSW</name>
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      <tag tagId="2025">
        <name>plate armour</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4246">
        <name>poleyns</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="173">
        <name>re-enactment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3943">
        <name>reenactment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="4142">
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                  <text>This Collection analyses popular medievalism in material and public culture from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, with an emphasis on popular medievalist theatre, parades and public spectacles, as well as recreational, literary and political associations. It explores the ways in which medievalism was not simply derivative but also local and disctinctive. In this Collection you will find items relating to medievalism in public contexts and popular culture, and the revisitation or reenactment of the Middle Ages by groups such as the Society for Creative Anachronism.</text>
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                <text>â€˜Soldier at a Medieval Faireâ€™ </text>
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                <text>Arms, armor, armour, aventail, Blacktown, Blacktown Medieval Fayre, camail, chain mail, chainmail, combat, entertainment, helmet, honour, medieval costume, medieval fair, New South Wales, Norman style helmet, NSW, Nurragingy Reserve, re-enactment, reenactment, Richard Taylor, Sydney, war, warfare, Western Sydney</text>
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                <text>This is a â€˜frozenâ€™ combat image taken at the Blacktown Medieval Fayre by photographer Richard Taylor in 2011. It depicts a participant dressed in a Norman style helmet complete with a chainmail collar known as an avential or camal, and engaged in combat. The participants and combatants in medieval re-enactment groups generally pay considerable attention to detail. Their clothing and war gear is researched and often handcrafted, and when it comes to re-enacting â€˜combatâ€™ all bouts are marshalled. However, the combat is also based on an honour system, in which â€œevery fighter must decide which blows hit hard enough for him to yield or fall deadâ€  (For more on this, see Patrick Oâ€™Donnell, The Knights Next Door: Everyday People Living Middle Ages Dreams, Lincoln, iUniverse Inc., 2004). Re-enacted combat combines medieval fighting techniques and entertainment. In Medieval Fantasy as Performance: The Society for Creative Anachronism and the Current Middle Ages (Lanham, The Scarecrow Press, 2010), Michael Cramer observes that participation in creative anachronistic events is largely performance-driven (p.xii). That is to say, historical re-enactment is essentially theatre, and this is a significant part of the appeal.&#13;
&#13;
The Blacktown Medieval Fayre is billed as â€œa world of medieval magic,â€ and is part of the annual Blacktown Fiesta, an eight day extravaganza hosted by Blacktown City Council. It is just one of several interesting medieval events held throughout the country at different times of the year.</text>
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                <text>Â© Richard Taylor. Some rights reserved dicktay2000</text>
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                <text>â€˜The Black Knightâ€™</text>
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                <text>This detailed action photograph of two knights jousting was taken at the Blacktown Medieval Fayre by Richard Taylor in 2011. Considerable attention to detail is evidenced by quality gear and trappings. Note the blunt headed lance and knightly accoutrements. The combatants shown here are members of Full Tilt, â€œa world renowned quality jousting outfit,â€ that could have been extracted from the pages of a novel by Sir Walter Scott. The knights in this photograph wear plate armour, which fits with the rising popularity of jousting tournaments in the fifteenth century. By this time plate armour had largely replaced chain mail as the protective garment of choice for knights. The black colouring of the armour adds to the theatricality of the event.&#13;
&#13;
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