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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;This small round window above the altar in the New  Chapel at New Norcia bears the Cross of St Benedict in stained glass. A  cross dominates almost the entire frame surrounded by the letters C. S.  P. and B.&amp;nbsp; These letters denote the Latin phrase &amp;ldquo;Crux Sancti Patris  Benedicti&amp;rdquo;, which translates into English as &amp;ldquo;The Cross of our Holy  Father Benedict&amp;rdquo;. This cross is often depicted on the reverse side of St  Benedict medals.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>Architecture, Benedictine, Bishop Fulgentius Torres, boarding school, Catholic church, Catholic college, Catholic education, convent school, Gothic revival style, Josephite Sisters, Mary Mackillop, monastery, monastic town, monasticism, monks, neo-gothic architecture, New Norcia, nuns, Order of St Benedict, Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart, Spanish influence, Spanish mission, St Benedict of Nursia, St Gertrudeâ€™s College</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;St Gertrude&amp;rsquo;s College, New Norcia. St Gertrude&amp;rsquo;s  opened in 1908 and originally functioned as a convent boarding school  for girls. It was staffed by Josephite sisters, the first of whom were  sent to New Norcia by Mary Mackillop at the request of Bishop Fulgentius  Torres. The school closed in 1991 and is now used primarily as a venue  for school camps.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;The front fa&amp;ccedil;ade of the Abbey Church, New Norcia.  The original church building was constructed from stones and plaster. In  1908, New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s second Abbot, Bishop Fulgentius Torres, added this  Italian Renaissance style fa&amp;ccedil;ade and a bell tower.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;This altarpiece from the New Chapel at New Norcia  contains the figures of St Benedict and his sister St Scholastica. The  Benedictine community at New Norcia follow the Rule of St Benedict, a  book of precepts or guidelines for monastic living created by St  Benedict of Nursia in the sixth century. St Benedict established a  famous Benedictine monastery at Monte Cassino, while St Scholastica was  the Abbess of a nunnery in nearby Plombariola.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth-century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Following a request from the University of Melbourne for a coloured copy of its coat of arms to incorporate into a stained glass window, this article informs readers that the University of Western Australia had commissioned George Kruger Gray, an English authority on heraldry, to redesign its crest and coat of arms. The blazon, or written description, of the new coat of arms is quoted in the text of the article as: &amp;ldquo;Arms: Party chevron-wise sable and gold, in the chief two open books having buckles, straps and edges of gold and in the foot a swan all sable&amp;rdquo;. This describes a shield that is divided into two by a chevron line, featuring two open books with gold edging against a black background above the line, and a black swan against a gold background below the line. It differed from the previous version by substituting the full chevron for a dividing line where it had previously been and also by replacing the conventionalised white swan that had been coloured black with a heraldic black swan. George Kruger Gray&amp;rsquo;s version of UWA&amp;rsquo;s coat of arms and its other historical variants can be viewed at: &lt;a href="http://www.archives.uwa.edu.au/information_about/university_archives2/fact_sheet_index/university_coat_of_arms" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.archives.uwa.edu.au/information_about/university_archives2/fact_sheet_index/university_coat_of_arms&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;This coat of arms is displayed above the gates of  the New Norcia monastery. The pontifical hat at the top, called a  galero, has been a common motif in ecclesiastical heraldry since the  fifteenth century. As a vestment, the galero dates to c.1245, when red  hats were bestowed upon cardinals by Innocent IV. In heraldry it is used  to symbolise church hierarchy; different colours and numbers of tassels  denote different offices. The 6 tassels on either side of the shield in  the New Norcia coat of arms signify that the monastery is overseen by a  bishop. The mitre hat below the galero is the insignia of bishops and  abbots. In this case, it most likely refers to the fact that the  monastery is presided over by an abbot. Behind the shield, a cross and  crosier in saltire are also common external ornaments on ecclesiastical  coats of arms. On the shield itself, symbols identify the building as a  religious house (the all-seeing eye with a cross and the word &amp;ldquo;fides&amp;rdquo;)  and a male Benedictine community (the patriarchal cross bearing the  Benedictine motto &amp;ldquo;pax&amp;rdquo;). The swan is emblematic of its location in  Western Australia. For more on ecclesiastical heraldry, see Bruno  Bernard Heim, &lt;em&gt;Heraldry in the Catholic Church: Its Origins, Customs and Laws, &lt;/em&gt;(Van Duren, Buckinghamshire, 1978).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;About New Norcia:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
New  Norcia is a monastic town located 132 km north of Perth in Western  Australia. The town is owned and run by a community of Benedictine monks  and houses one of only three Benedictine monasteries (for men) in  Australia. At its height the monastery housed approximately 80 monks,  but currently there are only seven in residence. The Benedictines are  part of a religious order within the Catholic Church known as the Order  of St Benedict (OSB). Benedictines live in small, largely autonomous  communities and base their way of life on the Rule of St Benedict, which  prioritises a balance of prayer and work and calls for promises of  stability, obedience and a conversion of life. The first Benedictine  community was established in the sixth century in Italy by St Benedict  of Nursia (c.480-547).&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;Originally  intended as a mission to evangelise and educate the indigenous peoples  of the Victoria Plains, the site at New Norcia was founded in 1847 by  two Spanish Benedictine missionaries, Dom Jos&amp;eacute; Benito Serra and Dom  Rosendo Salvado. Serra&amp;rsquo;s involvement in the missionary activities at new  Norcia decreased following his appointment as Co-adjutor Bishop of  Perth in 1849, while Salvado (1814-1900) committed himself wholly to  developing the mission and leading the monastic community. He  subsequently became the key figure in the first 50 years of New Norcia&amp;rsquo;s  history. He made numerous fundraising trips to Europe, which provided  him with the means to purchase books, vestments, artwork and equipment  for the community and also to oversee the construction of new buildings.  He died in Rome in 1900 and his body was returned to New Norcia. Under  Salvado&amp;rsquo;s successor, Bishop Fulgentius Torres (1861-1914), New Norcia  became more like a traditional monastic settlement. An increased focus  on education and artistic pursuits led to the establishment of two  schools and improvements to many of the town&amp;rsquo;s buildings. For more  information on New Norcia, see the New Norcia Benedictine Community  website: &lt;a href="http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/" target="_blank"&gt;http://newnorcia.wa.edu.au/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>McEwan, Joanne</text>
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                <text>7 January 2011</text>
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                <text>No Copyright</text>
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        <src>https://ausmed.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/jubilee_grant_western_mail_11_september_1886_p22[1]_168c26ed4c.pdf</src>
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                  <text>Medievalism at the Foundations</text>
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                  <text>This Collection illustrates how medievalism has always existed â€˜in plain viewâ€™ in Australian public life, as a conspicuous cultural memory ghosting Australiaâ€™s modernity. It focuses on discourses about, debates over, and changing interpretations of i) Australiaâ€™s medievalist political and religious institutions and rituals, ii) its architecture, and iii) its civic environment. In this Collection are items relating to all three of these key areas. Firstly, you will find items that point to the medieval influences and inflections that still permeate and influence our political, legal and religious institutions and traditions. Secondly, you will find numerous examples of neo-gothic and neo-romanesque architecture, and some cases where architectural features are known to have been modelled on specific medieval buildings. Thirdly, you will find items relating to the ways in which medievalism is incorporated into our civic environments and expressed through statues, monuments and war memorials.</text>
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              <text>Newspaper Article&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32702148"&gt;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32702148&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Jubilee Grant</text>
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                <text>Benevolent Asylum, celebration, civilisation, colony, commemoration, criminal class, gala, improvement, indigent, jubilee, Legislative Council, literature, medieval past, â€œmedieval-ismâ€, modernity, poor house, print, progress, public library, literacy, Queen Victoria, reading, reformatory, reading practices, Victorian era, Western Australia, medievalism</text>
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                <text>In this article, the author debates how Â£5000 earmarked for a Queenâ€™s Jubilee commemoration by the WA Legislative Council could be best spent. The author begins by outlining the three suggestions that had been put forward, namely the establishment of a public library, the building of a poor house that would euphemistically be called a â€œBenevolent Asylumâ€, or a festive gala for the colony with a banquet and fireworks. The author then goes to lengths to discount the utility of the gala idea, and the appropriateness and representative benefit of the reformatory idea, before suggesting that the building of a public library would best suit the occasion. For its capacity to humanise, cultivate and civilise, the article links the practice of reading with modernity and the Victorian ideals of progress and improvement. In doing so, it defines the Victorian â€˜spiritâ€™ in opposition to an â€˜otherâ€™, medieval past: â€œFrom the introduction of printing is dated the decay of medieval-ism and the rise of modern European progress. To the introduction of cheap and wholesome literature may the marvellous onward march of the Victorian era be chiefly attributed. How better can the Jubilee of that era be perpetuated than by founding an institution which embodies above all the spirit to which that success is due.â€</text>
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                <text>Anon.</text>
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                <text>National Library of Australia</text>
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                <text>11 September 1886, p.22</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Western Mail</text>
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                <text>Newspaper Article</text>
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                <text>English</text>
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